I want to plug into this thread because I often wonder how one could teach another to learn by ear. When I started playing (guitar) there wasn't such thing as TAB, and if I wanted to play the songs of my favorite bands (KISS and uh, KISS) I pretty much had 2 options - either get someone to teach them to me, or learn em by ear.
Don't know if any of this will help, but here's my random thoughts on the subject.
First, I think it's a good idea to really get comfortable picking tunes up and being able to pick out melodies on the bass by itself. Playing nursery rhymes, playing the melody lines of songs. If you can't do that, then it's going to be a real uphill battle. Knowing how the notes relate to one another on the fretboard is half the battle.
Second is being able to pick the bass lines out of a song. Windows media player (or any such mp3 player) I believe is fine, so long as you have somewhat decent speakers. You can learn to EQ it to bring out the bass. That can be tricky as it doesn't necessarily mean cranking the bass frequencies. A lot of times that can muddy things up and make it even more difficult - it finding a good balance between the high and low end. One that really brings the bass to the frontof the mix. This EQing stuff by the way isn't essential, just incredibly helpful.
Next step is, as already mentioned - rewind, pause, rewind, pause, rewind, pause - till you get it. Ya have to hear the notes in your head (maybe hum them to yourself) and then find them on the bass. The bass HAS TO BE IN TUNE. If you have a rough time distinguishing whether or not you've got the right notes, you may want to start with some super simple stuff. Ramones. Blitzkrieg Bop perhaps. First note is an A.
Only other things I can think of right now is take songs you already know and play along with the recordings to get comfortable with doing that, getting the tab to songs, giving it a go on your own and then checking the tab to see how well you're doing, and to have patience. Learning by ear is a skill that absolutely gets better in time. What might take you a week to do now will get easier if you stick with it. The amount of songs I can learn in a week keeps on multiplying.
That's all the random thought I've got at the moment.
