My first band was a trashmetalband with only one guitarist.
He wanted me to play like Cliff. Also because he didn't wanted to play lead much, he was a good rhythm powerchords wall of distortion guitarist.
I was blessed that I can go as wild as I wanted. (Although sometimes good solid basslines were missed from the mix.)
Back then I only used a BOSS MetalZone.
You can look at effects use two ways:
1) Make categories about what effects can be used in a certain genre (subgenre). (Like what you ask.)
2) It's just a personal taste of a bassist, no matter what music style he/she plays.
First, you need to nail your tone perfect.
A tone for metal, then afterwards perhaps effects for metal.
If you are serious about a good metal tone first aquire some toneshapers like compression, equalizer,... even perhaps the SansAmp Bass Driver for just a little grit or other overdrive pedal.
A few weeks ago I started a thread with the question of using distortion in metal.
I was dropping distortion and overdrive pedals, I am happy with letting the guitars handle distortion. (Look at it this way: that's the only reason we keep guitars around in metal music, for distortion.

)
But now I am back to using a little grit.
I have the Phad Hed, I used it for hard overdrive and I liked it because it sounded so artificial and less warm.
For mild overdrive or grit (grind,...) I don't like it... because it is so artificial.
Drive effects are all about taste, and depend on the rest of your setup. What works for me may not work for you and vice versa.
Oh, and if all else fails: EHX Steel Leather, that one will get you heard. Do a search on the Steel Leather in the effects forum.
I myself like having a sharp ballsy clean tone. Plus something else from time to time:
- I hear a lot of yays for chorus. I don't like chorus on bass. Instead I found an alternative: Rotary Speaker effect.
Not as shimmery as chorus, but ideal for mellower passages.
- Delay.... I am an avid delay user. Nice for adding dimension to your sound. From subtle to wild effects. Delay and echo.
I must admit: mostly for solo work. In a band situation delay doesn't get much use.
My use of Rotary Speaker and delay is just from personal experience and taste.
Noone suggested them to me. In my 9 years of being a bassist I stumbled across a lot of effects, some I kept, the ones I am comfortable with.
Again: your experience might differ.