I am thinking about getting a compressor pedal for the purpose to even out the volume between all the strings on my bass. What is the best way to achieve this / what type of compression would do this best? I don't really know anything about compression so I don't know where to start with looking.
This the place to start. I got my LMB-3 after going through these reviews. It's TBer Bongomania's site and it's the compression Bible, I tell ya. BIBLE ! http://www.ovnilab.com/
Maybe a redundant question, but have you tried adjusting your pickup height to see if that helps the situation before you dive into the endless search for the right compressor?
FWIW, and I'm the "ovnilabs" guy, I always recommend working on the setup of the bass before using a comp to solve this problem. There are some basses and playing styles where a setup won't do enough, and for those cases a comp can help. But always start with setup and technique.
I have had an EBS comp pedal on my pedal board for years. I use it to even things out when playing in a boomy room.
All of the above. A compressor really isn't meant to be a problem fixer; it colors your tone (if desired) and gives you a specific kind of control over your sound for musical or technical/acoustic purposes, and does also grant you a bit of extra grace with the sound guy if you get excited during the gig or use FX that spike levels (envelope filters, cranked-up phasers, etc). Try as I have to adjust the pickups down, my Taurus has a loud E string, so I'm learning how to reflexively give it a lighter touch. That translates over time into greater precision and control overall, which is all good. But I like the sound I get with a degree of compression and like having it onstage. Also, I tracked some licks for someone recently thru a Q-Tron+ filter pedal into a Boss CS-3 compression sustainer, using a pick. Came out REAL funky.
I use a compressor for exactly this purpose. It prevents certain notes from honking out over the mix while others disappear. That said, I also have my basses professionally set up to catch the low-hanging fruit in this area.