id say the only way is to try it out also keep in mind that USUALLY (not allways) shorter scale basses will have less string tention, and less not definition. this is not a rule, but i a guideline. play a few. people right now are suggesting short scale basses to another person, see what everyone has said so far.
I play a Rick 4000 series with a short scale neck, it's comfortable, good tone, I like it a lot! Like anything else with Basses to each is own try some out.
everyone i know who plays a "short"scale bass usually has a good reason for doing so,like a shoulder problem,smaller body type,or sometimes a simple preference over a full scale. I have tried a few and although i dont dis-like them,i would'nt change from my 34". Try a few out and judge for yourself,its the best opinion going.
I have both 34" and short scale basses. I use my short scales to warm up my arthritic left hand, but I wouldn't feel cheated if they were all I had.