My Jag bass has a series/parallel switch. I think I understand how these two ways of wiring change the tone, but there is something strange about it. When the neck pickup is turned off (bridge solo) the switch still changes the sound. Is this normal? and if so, then I guess I don't understand series/parallel as well as I thought and would greatly appreciate an explanation.
You can't have only one pickup on when it's in series, so the series mode bypasses the pickup selectors. Series mode increases the impedance of the pickups by running one through the other, and thus gives a fatter tone with less high end. The conventional way is to have the two pickups in parallel, which reduces the impedance and gives a brighter tone, often with less mids, but that depends on the pickups.
Ok, that makes sense. And the reason it still changes the tone with just the bridge pickup is because of the wiring with the bypass?
Well they say it's supposed to only work when both pickups are on, but my guess is it's not wired up that way. I can't find a schematic for that bass on their site.
It *could* be that it's changing each pickup form parallel to series internal wiring. I have that on my Westone Thunder III. It's not putting the pickups in parallel or series with each other, it's changing each pup from one to the other individually. Parallel will have more bass & treble, the series will sound slightly louder and have less top end with thicker mids.
That's only possible when you have pickups with two coils, such as humbuckers. The Jaguar has single coil pickups, so it can only put the two pickups in series. My guess is the way they have it wired, it also works when just the bridge pickup is selected.
The Fender sight says that it should only work with both pups in, but that's not the case. Here's the wiring diagram: http://www.fender.com/support/diagrams/pdf_temp1/basses/0259505A/SD0259505APg2.pdf