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What makes a bass sound punchy?

This.

But seriously, I get a very punchy tone out of my Jazz. Both pickups on full, tone on full. On the amp the bass and mids are set to 10 and treble around 4 (I can't tell for sure because the treble knob fell off a long time ago :P) and I get a very punchy tone. If I want a more aggressive tone I roll of the neck pickup a bit/all the way.
 
To me it is a few things.
1 pickup location, closer to the bridge seems to me more punchy. I personally don't like the sound that comes from the bridge pickup.
2. Active PU. My 5 string is active, I add a little (or a lot) of treble, drop the mids down & I get a nice punchy sound using the neck pickup. I will keep the lows turned up for a balanced sound. In saying that, I have a Fender P with passive EMG's that has a decent crisp sound when the tone is turned up.
3, is playing style. I am not a good pop/slapper with my thumb, I can get the exact sound by playing more 'down' with my fingers.
 
After some experimenting and drawing my own conclusions I was wondering what the experienced people of TB think of the question: what makes a bass sound punchy? As in powerful and clear defined (not excluding deep) low notes and no whooly 'ooooom-y' sound.

BTW: talking about the bass, not the amplification.

Is it the type (P, J, P/J or others), active or passive, the brand of bass, the (brand / type of) strings, the (brand / type of) pickup(s), tuners, pots, caps, the setup, or whatever matters to you?
I think it's a mix of things from strings to the wood the instrument is made out of to the pots. I don't think it has much to do with pickup styles as I've been able to get a punchy sound out of basses with jj, pj, musicman style , and EMG Humbuckers. P basses with just a p pickup tend to lack "bite" to me, but they can still be "punchy".
 
EQ, especially Mid setting, backing off some lows, and highs, then bringing in enough lows to get what I call a ghost push. string attack and where you strike the string. Also a very fine tuned muting ability in your left hand for how long the notes ring.
 
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Aside from wood, pickups and technique, I feel how the bass is set up has a lot to do with the punchiness.....(Steve Harris- extremely low action but crisp and punchy, James Jameson-super high action boomy but still punchy). Both get a lot of punch from a p bass. Just completely opposite end of the spectrum.
 
Aside from wood, pickups and technique, I feel how the bass is set up has a lot to do with the punchiness.....(Steve Harris- extremely low action but crisp and punchy, James Jameson-super high action boomy but still punchy). Both get a lot of punch from a p bass. Just completely opposite end of the spectrum.
In addition to "all the above", a sealed cabinet, can add to this effect. As far as preamps, I found 1 years ago that gave me that kick. It was an old Trace Elliot, single space, Valve type. I believe it was modeled after an Alembic.
 
Certain frequencies if pushed will resonate in you chest, such as 80hz push d to get that thump in you chest at rock shows. To me, a punchy sound means a tight full sound but not overly bottom or high heavy. And that is in the hunting grounds of most p basses. 250-800 hz is where I find a lot of the voicing in my bass, and where it sits the best in my mixes. To me, that's where punchy lives, but to your ears ot might be different. I also find a set of active electronics such as emg pickups on a p bass will really tighten up the sound as well. It can lack a little character in the mids I like but it really seems to focus the sound of my p basses. In comparison, the emg geezer butler passive pickups have a great midrange but lack a little of the upper end clarity and tight bottom I enjoy with the active emg set.

Strings can play into it as well as speaker/amp choices. My p bass sounds a lot different running through my Ampeg gear as compared to my GK stuff, so gear selection is a huge part of a sound as well. Out front in the pa it will be different but for the initial voicing that's where the rubber meets the road.
 

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