James,
There are a bunch of different factors that go into booking a tour. I'm actually right in the middle of booking one right now so it's pretty fresh in my head.
I normally start by deciding who I want to play with on a tour which maybe be determined by which album I'm promoting, what music I'm going to play, and perhaps where in the world I'm touring. I decide on a time period that I want to tour and then put that to the cats I want to take with me.
Sometimes the time that I tour is determined by an offer for a good paying gig and then I'll build other dates around that one good gig. Sometimes it's literally just the time I want to go and play and then I'll do what I can to book dates in the time frame that I give myself. The tour I'm working on now for instance came together because a long time friend and collaborator and I have been talking for years about touring together, and finally decided to do it this coming spring. He hooked up a good gig in Norway, and something in Spain, and then we have been working to fill in the rest of the dates in the time period we set ourselves. I've filled two nights in Scotland, two nights in London, and we currently have three nights still to fill to make it so that we play every night for 9 days.
You have to make sure you book travel as far in advance as possible. Some bigger gigs may pay your travel, some might now. For my spring tour I'm doing travel myself so I have to make sure book flights from the US to europe at least 2 months before we leave so they aren't way too expensive. Now besides international flights from the US to Europe I also have to book one way tickets between each city which means we'll be flying every day pretty much, and then taking just one train between London and Edinburgh. I also have to make sure that there is backline in every venue that meets the specifications of all the musicians I have traveling with me. This tour I'm taking Jojo Mayer, Oli Rockberger, and Audun Waage. So I really want to make sure there's a Rhodes in each venue, and that I work with all of Jojo's companies to make sure there are drums at each gig too. I also have to check in with my companies to make sure I'm all set with amps throughout the tour.
I do all the booking myself, there is no booking agent or manager. I approach both people I've known for a while with venues I've played at before, and many people I have never met. I send a proposal outlining who I am, what music we play, and when we would like to be booked at the venue. Sometimes I get replies, sometimes not. But I can normally add at least two or three new venues to a tour each time I go back to Europe.
Touring in different parts of the world make for many other variables too. You have to consider greater costs for travel when flying to asia or south america, and Australia and New Zealand are incredibly expensive to get to from the US. Especially when you want to take 4 or more musicians with you.
Other things that you have to take into consideration include hotels, food, car rentals, train tickets, and any emergency aspects that arise while in the middle of a tour.
The scheduling is probably the hardest aspect of it all as you have to line up say 4 musicians, all the venues, all the flights, hotels, and and audience. You can't forget about promoting the tour otherwise it will be a total flop. Some tours can make good money, and some can be a total disaster. I would recommend getting guarantees for all shows you play on a tour and not taking big risks on the door. And even better is to get a guarantee from the promoter to a certain figure and then take a split of the door after a certain amount. That way you know you're going to make a certain amount and you have the option to really pack the venue and make some good money on top.
Don't forget about merchandize either. Selling your CD's on the road can help out in a huge way. If I'm in Europe I know I can sell at least 1 CD' s a night, and sometimes up to 30, so I know I'm going to be getting anywhere between 120 and 360 euros a night extra which helps out with food, gas, travel, hotels etc.
I basically put a string of dates together, hire the musicians, make an overall total for what the tour is going to gross, and then make sure I can pay everyone in the band well, and cover all the costs, and then make some money for myself at the end of it all.
Easy,
Janek