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Can someone explain EQ to a Bass newbie?

EQ or Equalization is simply a term used to describe how one uses the frequency controls on an amplifier or bass. It's not something that is really achieved so much as something set to your particular preference. For instance, if one wanted to EQ in some more mids to their tone, they would increase the controls that control the middle frequencies on their amp until they arrived at a tone that they liked.
 
Well, here's some links.

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The Art of Equalization

These should help you understand the concept of equalization. Note that we are discussing general audio signal equalization, not bass-specific equalization.

Basically, an equalizer (commonly abbrev. EQ) is a circuit (piece of equipment) that adjusts the level of specific frequencies.
For instance, your amp might have a three band EQ. The low band controls the low fundamentals of your sound, the middle band controls higher notes and harmonics and the high band controls sounds like string noise and "brightness".

Really, the best way to learn an EQ is play with it. Max the knobs out, see what happens. :bassist:

Hope that helps...