Conservatories are generally more expensive, and there are not any I know of in Texas.
You may be able to qualify for a scholarship or be able to afford or willing to take on loans to study where you want.
The conservatories I have heard the most about for bass are Curtis (pretty exclusive, small classes study with Hal Robinson and Edgar Meyer) Peabody (pretty interesting program, I think Hal is doing some visits there. They have a blog, looks pretty good.
http://peabodydoublebass.blogspot.com/. Rice has a great program, they have some interesting videos about the music business on their site.
There are some other schools out there too, cleveland institute of music, oberlin, Manhattan school of music, hart school in connecticut (I think Robert Black is there)
I would think about how far you want to go, what the right amount of money to spend is, take lessons and find a teacher you can work well with, try to have an idea about what aspect you want to work in, are you thinking orchestral performance or music education, jazz, composition?
Summer workshops and festivals are a good way to meet teachers too.
I like the advice about working hard, I would extend it to say don't discount anything. Enjoy getting the opportunity to play the occasional bad repetoire concert with a good attitude and smile, it is amazing how many people from school you will work with again in the future, and good vibes pay off.