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Double Bass Ply bass top sinking, what is normal?

Nice revival of an old thread. I add the belly patch to old Kays all of the time.It makes a big structural and tonal difference with them. Once you get the shape of the arch back where you want it, then I add the patch, usually in two layers of approx. .075" each. Layering it is a lot easier than trying to get a big thick section of spruce to conform. In my market this has no detrimental effect on the resale price; if anything it puts the bass in a slightly better advantage to one that has a sinking top and my experience has been, all other thing being equal, a bass sounds a little better with a correctly done belly patch.' Maybe a little bit more focus and punch; it is still the sound of an old Kay, but a better one.

This is one of the areas where I always use red or Adirondack spruce. Some folks will chime in with different opinions (around here...imagine that!!!), but my experience is that high grades of red spruce tend to be a lot stronger and stiffer than the others, and it deforms a lot less than the other spruces, to the point that it takes a bit of a learning curve to get used to it.

I work on a LOT of prewar and 19th century Martin guitars that were made with red spruce and they tend to be night vs. day different compared to anything after 1946 when they switched to sitka, so they are a very good reference in terms of what works well over the test of time. The older pre-war red spruce models tend to be about 1/3 less mass and yet they have virtually none of the deformation issues, especially behind the bridge, that the sitka models do. I'm sure the local thought police that spend all of their time on the computer and never working on instruments will likely jump all over me about basses and guitars having no relationship, but this is a good example of very useful crosspolinization. Belly patches tend to wind up about the same thickness as guitar tops, so long term deflection and deformation trends are appropriate. You've got an old ply top that already is sinking and deforming. If I'm going in there for some repair work, I want to use the best materials I can to avoid a future relapse of the same problem. Red spruce and hot hide glue are the champ for this.

The upcoming spring / summer and fall issues of American Lutherie magazine will contain a series of separate ten+ page articles on vintage Kay and plywood bass restorations complete with a lot of photos that were from my Guild of American Luthier's workshop last summer in Tacoma on vintage ply restoration. In addition to patches and grafts, there is good coverage of how I use silicone heat blankets against a mold to get the collapsed top arch back into the original curvature. 'Good info for the whole community here who like the old ply beasts. Owning an old vintage Kay is a lot like owning a vintage volkswagon. They are a lot of fun and everyone has good stories to tell about them, but you need to be a good mechanic or know one if you want to use it as a daily driver!

j.
www.condino.com

coming in a few weeks:
www.kaybassrepair.com
Link Removed
 
Since I started this thread, here's an update. My Kay is not in use right now. I'm keeping it, in case either of my kids takes an interest. Both are taking string lessons right now. It's not far fetched that my son, who's studying cello, might try bass at some point.

I think that a belly patch wouldn't make sense unless I were also to replace the fingerboard and maybe add a neck shim to correct the understand. All of that seems like more work than the bass is worth, given that it has already had some unorthodox repairs, and Kays are pretty plentiful in the Midwest. If mine were worth a "collector" price, I'd sell it right away.

Jake's idea seems like it might be worth a try. The top of this bass hasn't gone anywhere since I restored it, and who knows if it was operated without a soundpost for a while. It didn't have one when I got it.
 
I hear you on the fingerboard shim and overstand issue.

The kay in question actually already has a good fingerboard shim and decent overstand and bridge height. Given that, maybe the belly patch wouldn't be such a bad idea. I'm debating about whether to make it as large in area as the one in Matthew's pics above. Perhaps something more local to the bulge area?

Thanks for any additional input!
 
An update on the '39 kay: I added linen bass bar pockets to help keep the bar secure. I opted for a circular shape, rather than the Traeger approach of a square pocket - I figured that corners tend to pull up, while circles have no corners. The attached photo shows the patches just after gluing. The color is much lighter now that they're dry.

As for the soundpost bulge, after several days of heating with bags of lead shot warmed in the oven, light moisture, and some clamping, the bulge is still pretty much the same. It wasn't too significant a bulge to begin with, and considering that it's hardly moved at all despite my efforts, I'm inclined to leave it.

I was hoping to add a belly patch and back soundpost patch to help protect it for the future, but this is starting to seem like more trouble than it's worth. I don't want to have to chalk fit or form laminate pieces around irregular surfaces.

What do you guys think? Any other advice or thoughts on reforming before I close this puppy back up?
 

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As for the soundpost bulge, after several days of heating with bags of lead shot warmed in the oven, light moisture, and some clamping, the bulge is still pretty much the same. It wasn't too significant a bulge to begin with, and considering that it's hardly moved at all despite my efforts, I'm inclined to leave it.

I had a similar experience when I tried to re-arch a 1/8" soundpost patch bulge in the top of my King. After applying heat, moisture and pressure for several weeks it stubbornly refused to budge and is still out of round. Now half of my G-side bridge foot is hanging in thin air. Unless you're willing to shim the bridge foot or fit the foot to the bulge, you may as well fix it now because the bulge will drive you crazy forever.

As far as fitting a back soundpost patch goes, I have some 2mm cleat material that I figure could be cut, boiled and pressed to fit. Yours for the asking, just PM me the address.
 
Nice revival of an old thread. I add the belly patch to old Kays all of the time.It makes a big structural and tonal difference with them. Once you get the shape of the arch back where you want it, then I add the patch, usually in two layers of approx. .075" each. Layering it is a lot easier than trying to get a big thick section of spruce to conform. In my market this has no detrimental effect on the resale price; if anything it puts the bass in a slightly better advantage to one that has a sinking top and my experience has been, all other thing being equal, a bass sounds a little better with a correctly done belly patch.' Maybe a little bit more focus and punch; it is still the sound of an old Kay, but a better one.

This is one of the areas where I always use red or Adirondack spruce. Some folks will chime in with different opinions (around here...imagine that!!!), but my experience is that high grades of red spruce tend to be a lot stronger and stiffer than the others, and it deforms a lot less than the other spruces, to the point that it takes a bit of a learning curve to get used to it.

I work on a LOT of prewar and 19th century Martin guitars that were made with red spruce and they tend to be night vs. day different compared to anything after 1946 when they switched to sitka, so they are a very good reference in terms of what works well over the test of time. The older pre-war red spruce models tend to be about 1/3 less mass and yet they have virtually none of the deformation issues, especially behind the bridge, that the sitka models do. I'm sure the local thought police that spend all of their time on the computer and never working on instruments will likely jump all over me about basses and guitars having no relationship, but this is a good example of very useful crosspolinization. Belly patches tend to wind up about the same thickness as guitar tops, so long term deflection and deformation trends are appropriate. You've got an old ply top that already is sinking and deforming. If I'm going in there for some repair work, I want to use the best materials I can to avoid a future relapse of the same problem. Red spruce and hot hide glue are the champ for this.

The upcoming spring / summer and fall issues of American Lutherie magazine will contain a series of separate ten+ page articles on vintage Kay and plywood bass restorations complete with a lot of photos that were from my Guild of American Luthier's workshop last summer in Tacoma on vintage ply restoration. In addition to patches and grafts, there is good coverage of how I use silicone heat blankets against a mold to get the collapsed top arch back into the original curvature. 'Good info for the whole community here who like the old ply beasts. Owning an old vintage Kay is a lot like owning a vintage volkswagon. They are a lot of fun and everyone has good stories to tell about them, but you need to be a good mechanic or know one if you want to use it as a daily driver!

j.
www.condino.com

coming in a few weeks:
www.kaybassrepair.com
Link Removed
Hi James, just a general question re Epi basses… I have a 1940s B5 - it has a great tone that I love and very responsive … the bass bar appears original but is very small. Is this usual for these? I wonder what happens if it’s replaced with anything bigger? (Belly sinking requires top off) do you have any experience of this? Or know of anyone who does?
Thanks!
 
No matter what changes you make, it will still sound like a 1940 Epiphone plywood bass and never like a 300 year old carved Italian bass.

I've seen some of those Epi's with the very narrow and small bassbars. In general, I try to stick to original specs when replacing bars, that way the Kay nerds get the original Kay voicing and similar with Epi and American Standards and such. I find much more tonal difference in strings and setup with old ply basses than major modifications. I do top off re archings almost every day of the year. By the time the top collapses and the bassbar comes loose, any work will result in a slight change to the voice, often tightening up the focus and giving it more punch when finished.

For my personal needs, the major thing about the old Epiphones is the neck- they made probably the best feeling neck of all the 20th century US ply basses. The bodies are a bit small for me, but that is an advantage to smaller people and it also means a bit more midrange focus which ironically is more useful in a group setting because it cuts through the mix well, kind of the way an old P bass just works. Epiphone easily won the tailpiece contest with those very beautiful finishes that had a sunburst tailpiece matching the body 'burst.
 
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Most plywood basses are thin in middle section and are prone to deformation over time. Here is a photo of a belly patch performed on my plywood bass. I got the idea from Traegers book. I used a different method than him but same results. Thats a 1/8th piece of redwood glued down to the underside, then feathered in.

It can also improve the sound of the bass.

Matthew Tucker did a belly patch on his plywood bass not too long ago also.
Is a belly patch a good fix for a carved bass with a sunken top?
 

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