They are not automating in those countries. Process automation requires large capital investment, and it doesn’t pay itself back when the labor is inexpensive. Automation is more appropriate for expensive countries like the US, Japan, and Western Europe.
But also, what do you all imagine is actually taking place in these factories?
They are taking components like tuners, bridges, pickups and the like out of a box. They mate parts together. They drive screws. They package the finished product. What makes one think that it’s so difficult that an Indonesian person can’t do it as well as an American or Japanese person? It’s not rocket science. If you need someone with 10 years of experience to bolt a neck on properly, then your necks and bodies are garbage.
The quality is the result of management. The workers will do what they are asked to do, as long as the process is well-designed (ie, it’s doable/ergonomic and repeatable). If a company producing in Indonesia has management that is committed to continuous improvement and making a good product, then you will get a good product. If a company in America is resting on its laurels, phoning in new product designs, and charging for its legendary brand status, then the results will vary. The variation itself is symptomatic of lack of focus on quality. You shouldn’t have to play 5 different basses of the same model to find the good one, they should all be the same.