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Very different. The Bass VI is essentially a six-string short-scale bass; its low E is the same as any other bass' low E. A baritone is a guitar tuned a little lower, A-a or B-b. I don't own either, but I've tried out examples of both in stores. The baritone guitar really sounds like a guitar, just a little deeper and gutsier. A bass VI sounds like a bass.
A bass VI sounds like a crappy bass.
I think a baritone tuned to A has more capability than a VI style instrument. The VI, as people said, has been used to great effect, but it's still an uncomfortable compromise between two different instruments. The baritone guitar strikes me as being a better compromise: still low enough to get some booty in there, but still high enough to do full chords.
Guitars that are intended to be a bass VI tend to have a 30 inch scale length, guitars that are intended to be baritones are often shorter, 27 to 29 inches. But I am sure that is not a hard and fast rule so if you want to be able to tune down to E you probably want a 30 inch guitar and you don't have to worry much about whether the manufacturer calls it a bass VI or a baritone. They are all tuned the same as a traditional six string guitar in intervals of fourth, fourth, fourth, third, fourth starting with the lowest frequency string. A bass VI will be tuned E to E an octave below a normal guitar so the bottom four strings have the same pitches as a traditional four string bass. So a bass VI is not tuned like a six string bass because six string basses are normally tuned in fourths all the way across. Moveable guitar chords will work fine on a bass VI (or a baritone) just in a different place on the neck, they will not work on a six string bass. Baritones are normally tuned B to B, a fourth below a traditional guitar although some are tuned A to A which is a fifth below the standard guitar tuning. If you can find the right strings (and perhaps file the nut) you can tune any of them any way you like, of course.
I don't know that there are any pros or cons between the bass VI and the baritone in an absolute sense. As I say if you think you may want to tune as low as E/F/G then you probably want a 30 incher. If you only want to go down to G/A/B then the shorter ones should be great. If you normally play a 34 inch or longer bass then a 30 inch will feel closer to normal for you. It should be easier to chord close to the nut on a shorter one. I don't play any of these. I thought about it for a while and could not find any in stores to try so I don't have even that level of direct experience with them. My interest in them was primarily for playing chords. I tune in fifths and a four string tuned GDAE works pretty well with Mandolin chords so after flirting with the bass VI/baritone notion for a while I decided it would make more sense for me to get a five string some day and tune that CGDAE so I could "play bass" on all five strings and chord on the top four. But if like most people you tune in fourths the bass VI or baritone are excellent choices.
Ken
That might be more tension. But yes, some people do that. My baritone is 27” BB. And this is a zombie thread.So if I were to get a baritone guitar that had a 30" scale, put Bass VI strings on it, and tune it E to E, I could have something comparable to a Bass VI, yes?
Like one of these?
Baritone Guitars - Sweetwater
Essentially yes, with a practical caveat:So if I were to get a baritone guitar that had a 30" scale, put Bass VI strings on it, and tune it E to E, I could have something comparable to a Bass VI, yes?
Like one of these?
Baritone Guitars - Sweetwater