Actually, that's not what happened at all. What Julian missed was "Otala distortion," now known as transient intermodulation distortion or TIM. It is easily measurable. Had anyone done the objective discrimination experiments, it would have been straightforward to determine that people could, in fact, reliably detect it. Pointing out a failure of decades old theoretical knowledge is not an argument or excuse for throwing up one's hands and saying that science is just unreliable.
I'm curious about the history of TIM. Here's a manual for a Heathkit tube power amp from the 1950's.
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It includes a brief discussion of TIM, and includes measurement data.
It's possible that TIM reared its ugly head in the 70's because many early solid state amps had high open loop gain and limited slew rate. However, slewing induced distortion wasn't unknown to the engineering community at the time.
I wonder how audible it really is under normal listening conditions. Music has a 1/f (or some decaying) frequency distribution, thus it seems likely to me that "normal" audio program may be well within the power bandwidth of amplifiers that show poor TIM results on the bench.