Their is another aspect where these rods differ that bears discussion: replacing a broken one. Im agonizing over heel vs headstock adjust on a build in design now. On the typical blue and black wrapped rods by Bitteroot or BBG, the adjuster part of the rod increases from 1/4" slot requirement to around 3/8" wide, and part of the rod is below the plane of the adjuster, which effectively locks the rod in place. In the case of either headstock or heel adjust, you'd have to remove the fingerboard to replace. Some of the newer DA variants maintain the same slot dimension all the way through, in which case the slot cut for the adjuster could just be continued out until it "daylights" out the headstock as it angles downward. That means a long TRC, but that seems like a decent tradeoff for a replaceable rod.
Short of extending the rod pocket right into the pickup routes, i dont see any obvious way to make a heel adjust rod removable, but maybe its been done somehow? It seems like even that would require bending the rod upward as you removed it. I cant see it working at all on a big spoke heel adjuster.
The old Rickenbacker "hairpin" rods were thin (and fragile) enough to be pulled out through the headstock, but i cant think of any other production basses where that was possible. They otherwise werent great rods, as they tended to to fail at the nut end, but at least they could be fixed. Common machine wisdom is that everything breaks, and it seems absurd that removing the fingerboard, often damaging or destroying it in the process, is the only viable replacement option for most rods.