Thank you both for your replies and advice. I apologize for not being more specific on budget; I need to understand that there are tons of people on here who all have different ideas on things! I'm looking to spend somewhere around 300-500 on a bass, then maybe 200 on an amp. I appreciate the other "stuff" you listed, MalcolmAmos. Those are things I didn't think about to start with. I do intend on buying from one of our two local music stores here. Both of them service anything they sell, and they offer a free set-up with anything purchased from them. I prefer to buy local anyway. Again, thanks to you both. This is exactly what I was looking for.
IMO, when it comes to amps, just drop $100 on a bedroom amp, like a Fender Rumble 15 or 25 or an Ampeg BA108. Those are all you need to play at home. The manufacturers then have a pile of models in what I consider "no man's land," which are more than you need to practice at home but not enough to actually play with a band. Not a rock or heavy blues band, anyway, I guess they would work in a jazz or folk setting. The next step up would be to spend $400 or so on something with at least 200 watts and either a 15" speaker or two 10" ones. That's something you can play small gigs and jams with and not worry that the drummer will drown you out. You THINK you're loud and the neighbors complain, then the rest of the band starts playing and you find you're not that loud after all.
Which reminds me, to add to Malcom Amos' accessories list - if you start playing with people, $15-20 on a pair of musicians' earplugs. They're designed to cut volume across all frequencies so you can still hear clearly and enjoy the music, but save your ears from damage. Regular cheap foam plugs make everything muffled and you can't enjoy what you're doing.
$300-500 is a good price range for a first bass, more than I had. You can get a solid instrument for that which can serve you well in gigs and everything. If you can keep to the lower end of that, I would save $200 to set aside for a bigger amp in case you get bit by the band bug later. I only lasted three or four months before playing along to CDs got dull and I wanted to play with people. Just to elaborate on what I said earlier, when you try out basses in the shop, pay attention to -
1) looks. You should love your bass so you're motivated to keep practicing.
2) feel. Like I said, it will take time to figure out your real preferences. Some basses have thick necks, some are thinner - which feels better in your hand? Some are lighter and some are heavier, some balance better than others on a strap (ask the store to give you a strap to hang it on and see if the neck dives for the floor) or on your lap, strings can be spaced tighter or wider, etc.
3) sound. You can do a lot by knob-twiddling to adjust your tone, and again it will be a while before you have a specific "sound in your head" you're trying to create. But it should sound good to you. Some basses tend to have more "thump" and a warmer, darker tone, others have more "zing" and a brighter, "growling" tone.