A wah wah is a filter that moves. If you take a tone control knob and turn it back and forth, you will have a primitive wah wah (as I understand, this is how they were discovered).
The question becomes: what means will I use to "move the filter back and forth". These are the ones with which I am familiar:
A foot pedal: This is perhaps the most common.
An envelope follower circuit: This circuit detects the amplitude (level) of the incoming signal and moves the filter. The harder you hit a note, the more the filter opens. As noted, this is also called an "auto-wah".
LFO: The filter motion is controlled by a circuit which oscillates back and forth. LFO=low frequency oscillator. These can be simple with a smooth sin wave, or complex with a programmable sequencer.
MIDI: An external control signal from some other piece of gear.
Hand control: WAG and Hot Hand are examples of this.