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"FiberD" carbon fiber 5 string build

Since I needed some pickup covers for the 6 string project I decided to also cut some for this bass while the CNC was all setup. This one uses X5 size candybars and since those aren't available for purchase anywhere I really don't have much choice but to make my own. I decided to start with a wenge shell, which I may cap with CF eventually. We'll see.

For some reason I cut the stock for these ridiculously close to the final size of the finished covers so I had to be very precise to within a mm or so (about 1/32") with how I laid them out and clamped them:
finished_pickup_cover_pair.jpg


Fortunately they all worked out:
finished_pickup_cover_bottoms.jpg


finished_pickup_cover_tops.jpg


There is still the 1 mm thick flange around the tops of all of these but that will sand off easily once I get the belt sander out in the spring. Then just a finish sand and many coats of oil and they will be ready for the pickups! :thumbsup:

For now I have four of these done with a 5th one on the way tomorrow. Each one takes just over an hour to carve, and setup about another 20 minutes each, so it is pretty slow going. Fortunately I can fire it off and come back an hour later to flip the covers and finish the countersinks. Speaking of countersinks, here is how the cap screws sit in the pickup cover:
finished_pickup_cover_cap_screw.jpg


The SS hardware will be painted black eventually.
 
Finally got some more time on this build. Progress is slow on this part as it's more/less like watching paint dry.

Put on a coat of epoxy, let it harden, sand, put on another coat of epoxy. Repeat.

epoxy_sanded.jpg


Eventually I got to the point where I could skin the presentation (top) layer of CF. The sides:
headstock_perimeter_skin.jpg


...and the back are now done:
back_skin.jpg


That is 4x4 twill weave and turned out pretty even so I will call that a win!

I will trim it all down and do a lot of wet level sanding before moving onto the front. After that there is a truss rod slot to be cut and laminated and then I can finally move onto level sanding and the final flood coats.
 
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Today I trimmed and flat sanded the back:
back_epoxy_first sand.jpg


That weave is about as perfect as I could have hoped. I'll send some closeups after it's got some flood coats on it.

Then moved onto skinning and flooded the front:
top_cf_flooded.jpg


Because the front is flat, and only in two planes (the headstock and everything else), I could do this as one piece. Not too worried about how this will turn out as this part was pretty easy. I'll find out for sure after it has cured for another week.
 
Got in one more day of vacation before winter so finished trimming the top, then rough sanded the perimeter to shape with the belt sander, and then... ugh... more wet block sanding:
wet_sanding.jpg


Several hours later it was all level so I wiped it down then left it in the sun to dry:
neck_back_sanded.jpg


After it was dry I put on another another flood coat on the front and back. There is a lot more of this flood/sand stuff than I was expecting which is slowing progress. I am hoping this is the second to last flood coat required to fill all the cloth texture but we will see. It's tricky with the headstock because it is at a significant angle which makes much of the epoxy run off. I might end up having to flood just the headstock and then clamp it at an angle such that the headstock is horizontal.

Anyway, it's pretty shiny now, and I am even more pleased with the weave now that I can really see it:
neck_back_epoxy_flood_coat.jpg


body_back_epoxy_flood_coat.jpg


There is one exception on the end edge where I sanded through the epoxy and into the CF. This makes the weave look distorted so I think I will re-skin that piece.

I also still need to cast a truss rod slot and figure out how I am going to handle the inside of the pickup cavities.

I am still hoping to find time to finish all the CF before snow falls even though that sounds foolishly optimistic. After all that I can move onto wenge. More ugh!
 
This is an awesome thread. Well done. Subbed.

great build!
If my cf neck will turn out half as nice as yours, I'll be pleased
looking forward to updates

Thanks!

It's supposed to be -31 C (-24 F) here later this week so haven't really wanted to be in the garage. That plus stupid house jobs have been eating all my time lately. But some day...

In the meantime I poured some pearl epoxy into some test fret marker slots. I'll try to remember to take some pictures of how that looks once I get the LEDs installed. First impression is it takes a surprisingly small amount of pearl powder to turn clear epoxy pretty opaque, so the LEDs might not be bright enough. I think I will need to do another test pour with much less powder.
 
I forgot to post about one more update: I engraved a logo on the CNC and finished a spare wenge pickup cover in Osmo PolyX Satin. It looks and feels great!

finished_pickup_cover_engraved_polyx.jpg


This one had a slight eccentricity on one of the screw counterbores so I won't use it, but it was a good proof of concept. I will probably finish all the wenge on the bass with PolyX.
 
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Sorry for not posting progress pics on this build. Most things I have been doing have been fairly minor/boring so didn't seem worthy of a separate post, so here is a recap from the past several months.

I wasn't happy with the creamy pearl color of the Ecopoxy powder combined with the older slightly amber colored epoxy I had been using so I picked some new water-clear epoxy. This stuff is indeed very clear so should work well for the markers and the final flood coats of epoxy.

I also picked up some cooler/darker colors of pigment in a variety pack from Beaver Dust. An exceedingly small amount of black pearl seems like it will make a dark smoky-looking semi-transparent effect that should complement the dark look of the CF while still not blocking too much of the LED light. I also experimented with some silver pearl. Unfortunately, I haven't taken any pictures or mounted any LEDs on the test pieces yet to see how they look. That's coming up soon on the long list of to-dos.

Speaking of CF, I skinned another presentation layer on the end of the neck core as mentioned in post #65 above, and it once again the weave looks nice and neat:
end_face_reskin.jpg


After trimming, scuffing and taping it was ready to be flooded:
end_face_flood.jpg


Of course, being a rounded surface meant I needed an ocean of epoxy which then needed to be sanded back into a round curve.

So much sanding in this build... :(

And then, while working on sanding off all the drips that formed on the front face, the neck slipped out of my hands and the edge of the neck landed on a sharp machined edge of the table saw. That caused a significant chip in the epoxy that now needs to be repaired: :banghead:
neck_chip.jpg


The next step was to flooded the front surface again, so I made a small epoxy pocket on the masked edge around the chip which was then filled in as part of the pour last weekend. Sanded and taped:
before_epoxy_flood_coat.jpg


Flooded:
after_epoxy_flood_coat.jpg


I won't know for sure how well the repair worked until I sand it all down, and that pour still needs to harden for a few more days.

The good news is that the new clear epoxy looks great. Unfortunately, through the nice new epoxy there are some minor cloudy spots in some of the earlier layers of epoxy that are now visible. Grrr... there is nothing that can be done about them now, and you need to be in the right light to see them, but still annoying.

I think I am close to done the flood coats. One more wet block sand of the entire thing and I will know for sure if there are any low spots that still need to be filled.

If not, the next step will be to route the truss rod cavity, pickup cavities, tuner holes, string-through holes, battery holder cavity, preamp cavity, etc. I still plan to have zero cavity covers on this build so will need to be creative about where I put things. I am considering mounting the preamp behind the walls of the battery holder. We'll see if I can get a router bit under the skin to clear out enough room for that. If not, I might embed it in the walls of the pickup cavity.

Then it will be onto spraying a narrow black burst around the edges. The weave turned out amazingly nice for the most part so not much to be covered.

After adding the logo, serial number, etc. one (or a few) final coats of epoxy or maybe spray finish will seal it up and after a final block sand and polish it it will be onto the wood working, hardware and electronics!
 
I think I am close to done the flood coats. One more wet block sand of the entire thing and I will know for sure if there are any low spots that still need to be filled.

Well... I have concluded epoxy and sanding will never be done! The chip repair area looks OK. I slightly damaged the weave in that area while sanding it flat, and that necessitated another coat of epoxy, but the repair isn't too obvious. Unfortunately I didn't take any more pictures of that job. It looks like there are still some low spots so at least another coat is going to be required.

Then it will be onto spraying a narrow black burst around the edges. The weave turned out amazingly nice for the most part so not much to be covered.

I bought some black acrylic airbrush primer and tried to use an old mini-sprayer I got from my dad a long time ago. It really didn't work well -- blotchy, big but fairly uneven pattern, lots of spatter. So I ordered a cheap dual-action airbrush:
airbrush.jpg


Really surprised how well that works. I sprayed the curved headstock transition area and am happy with how that turned out:
neck_transition.jpg


The goal is to blend the black areas so they look like shadows. Obviously there is a texture difference now, since the primer is matte and the epoxy is gloss, but once there is a gloss coat over the whole thing it should look subtle.

Straight edges are going to be hard to get perfect but we'll see how good I can get.

Note that none of this is permanent as the whole thing needs to be wet sanded again so I figured it was safe to experiment.
 
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This is going to be a substantial update as I had several days off this week to work on this build mixed in with work on the pickup mule and the three piece build. Yay! :hyper:

Despite working more than a dozen hours on each build there is a disappointingly small amount of progress to report. Especially with this build, everything seems to be a custom and non-standard process.

First step was to get all faces flat and level meaning a full wet sand:
full_wet_sand.jpg


The easiest way to clean the remaining sanding residue off was with the garden hose:
garden_hose.jpg


Do I win a prize for being the first person to willingly hose off their bass neck? :roflmao:

Of course this all needed to be done on a 33 C (91 F) day so the next step was a swim:
swim.jpg


After that I could put the CNC to work which, was much less tiring than that sanding!

The next big job was to get the truss rod slot cut and laminated with more CF. This started with re-measuring the centerline since all the previous measurements have been sanded off as part of the epoxy coating process. Next was determining the thickness of the top and core of the neck at the thinnest point so the CNC could be set to cut the correct depth. Because the neck is so thin, the truss rod cannot be set at full depth at the nut end so a tapered slot needs to be done. Of course this will require a corresponding tapered slot in the fretboard. Yeah, lots of custom stuff.

To figure out the depth of the thin end of the taper a bore hole was required to measure the maximum depth before hitting the CF on the back of the neck. Rotary cutting CF is best done with a diamond burr mill rather than a traditional drill bit, so that is what I used here. They do tend to wander so the hole is a bit wonky, but it will be filled later later so no big deal:
bore_hole.jpg


A bit nerve wracking, but after about 8 mm the mill hit the bottom layer of CF with no harm done.

In addition, because the slot needed to be lined with several layers of CF, it needed to be both wider and deeper than a normal slot, so a standard size router bit wouldn't work.

Next step was to try to clamp the neck in the CNC in a way that allowed the truss rod to be cut while keeping the angled headstock from messing with the flatness of the neck. A suitable size scrap piece of 1/2" oak with #10 screws into the table, tightened as much as I dared, held the body pretty tight:
cnc_clamp.jpg


On the other end an angled clamp and a caul under the headstock held in place with some hot melt glue kept that end from moving.

Some custom G-code later, a wide and tapered slot was loaded in the CNC and the real scary work could begin once the CNC origin was aligned with the centerline of the neck at the zero fret:
cnc_origin.jpg


Unfortunately, that diamond burr mill is a large and aggressive thing and my modest CNC wasn't happy about cutting it without significant vibration. This resulted in various problems, including the bit dropping down in the collet during the cut, despite it being clamped in there very tightly, and also the main part of the body moving slightly. The good news is that I noticed the mill movement it before it had cut the bottom layer of CF, and the body shift was slight enough it didn't make any difference in the final result. Epoxy would fill those gaps during the lamination of the slot. Whew!

Slot finished:
truss_rod_slot.jpg


The adjuster requires a wider slot with a round bottom so that end required a box core bit:
box_core_bit.jpg


Those cuts were done with manually entered moves. Again, nerve wracking, but luckily I didn't typo anything! Finished slot end:
finished_slot_end.jpg


The rod will be sit into the fretboard about this much:
truss_rod_height.jpg


With the slot done the CF lamination could start. A small piece of presentation layer was held in place with spray adhesive. There are no forces around the adjuster so it doesn't need multiple layers:
adjuster_presentation_layer.jpg


The rest of the slot got 3 layers total. Each layer was saturated with thin laminating epoxy before the next layer was pressed in with a 1/4" thick piece of plywood:
truss_rod_biaxial_layer.jpg


Everything was clamped into place while the epoxy cured:
truss_rod_lamination_clamps.jpg


The top layer is a peel ply so the plywood press could be removed once the epoxy was cured. It took some force but it did come out:
truss_rod_lamination_clamp_removed.jpg


Then the excess CF needed to be trimmed so back outside with the oscillating tool:
oscillating_tool.jpg


A bunch more sanding got the new CF and epoxy leveled:
truss_rod_sanded.jpg


This was done dry since I wasn't sure that everything was waterproof yet. Sanding fresh epoxy dry tends to gum up the paper pretty bad, but I found that this Pro-Stik stuff cleans up the paper pretty well:
pro-stik.jpg


A bit of work with a pneumatic rotary tool with a grinder around the adjuster access got it nice and smooth too:
rotary_tool.jpg


And the rod fits too!
truss_rod_finished.jpg


That's it for this week, and probably the near future. :(

A bit more work needs to be done on the bottom of the fretboard to cut the inverse tapered truss rod slot, plus to carve some wiring channels. On the top the LED marker slots still need to be done. The script to cut the slots is done, but the hole where the LED mounts still needs to be added.

Also, more coats of epoxy are required on the CF, and then the rest of the body cuts need to be done: pickups cavities, battery holder cavity and preamp cavity.

Once that is all done I can start on the wings. So much work to go!
 

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It was thanksgiving on the weekend here so between meals of turkey I took some time to work on basses!

Since I now had a slot in the bass I figured it would be handy to have a stand to set it on. This would make working on the remaining finishing work easier than having to use carefully placed standoffs. This one is made out of a piece of scrap 2x4 and some scrap 1/4" hardboard and does the job:
stand.jpg


With that done I was able to start pouring what I hope is the second to last coat of epoxy:
second_to_last_flood.jpg


Once this is cured and level sanded if everything is nice and flat I will do the airbrushing and decal work before one final top coat.