For starters, coming from a Walmart First Act, anything on your list will be more than a 100% improvement .. with that said, I will not comment on the Ibanez, Yamaha or Lakland on your list, as my experience with all of these has been to 'go back to Fender', but that is likely having played some type of Fender for almost 50 years, and for no other reason, where I am most comfortable … I will toss out a few comments on the Fender's you have listed … the one caveat inline with your wanting
the 'best value' for your money, is to buy a well cared for, good quality used instrument from a reliable source ...
The Player Series is a recent evolution from the Fender Standard Series (MIM) basses … one of the main differences of the Player Series, is that Fender has begun using Alnico pickups instead of the ceramic models used for years in the (MIM) Standard Series … neither is necessarily 'better', just a matter of preference … with that said, I would definitely recommend you consider the value of a used (MIM) Fender Standard Series bass … just be aware, there are 4 distinct era's of (MIM) Standard Series offerings, and although you will find a LOT of happy owners using basses from each era, you will also find a LOT of people slamming (MIM) Standards solely based upon his/hers experience in the past with something from one of the era's, and suffice it to say that not all era's are the same, and that is in components as well as specs … ALSO, be aware that there are SEVERAL other models of Fender basses that are Made in Mexico (MIM) ...
The Fender Aerodyne is offered in several different configurations, and both as a P/J and as a Jazz … all are a product of Japan (MIJ/CIJ) … the two biggest options of Aerodyne's are
what comes to the US market, and those
'not intended for export' (from Japan) … the easiest way to tell aesthetically is the US market version comes with no fret markers on the fretboard and no pickguard … 'not for export' models have fret markers on the board and pickguard … Aerodynes can be very light basses, quality is quite consistent … necks tend to be a smaller profile, and use a smaller 7 1/4" fretboard radius, again a matter of preference for users hands … a neat thing about the Aerodyne line, is that the 'non-export' version can also be found in a 32" scale Jazz vs.the standard 34" scale … all Aerodynes for the US market (no markers/pickguard) are 34" scale …
You have
'American Series' listed, but I am assuming you mean in general a 'Made in America' (MIA) model … I am clarifying this, as the 'name'
American Series is a specific Fender model/series of basses used from 2000 to July of 2007 … these were in essence the result of a name change by Fender, where the name American
Standard was not used for a period of time … be aware, there are SEVERAL
models, and even
different ERA's of those models out there available for Made in America (MIA) basses … you may run across (
in the used market) American Series and American Standard (as mentioned), Highway 1 or Highway ONE, American Specials, etc., etc. … all which can be great
'bang for the buck' buys which will hold their value when purchased used … and, it is not out of the question to at times find a MIA bass in the $500 range, it is a matter of knowing what you are looking at (or knowing people that do, like us here

) …
Hopefully I helped to give a bit of clarity to your 'vast' array of options, at least within the Fender line ... also, as has been mentioned, don't overlook the Squier line of offerings … post '07 there have been some extremely good quality model/series offerings and values that would also be 100% better than your early First Act piece … I parked my MIA Fenders the last couple summers to play a ($150 purchased used) 2010 Squier Jazz in performances due to its comfort and light weight (in pic to left) …
Do your homework, and enjoy the process of finding your next instrument, but just realize it is not likely to be your 'end all/be all' should you decide to stick with this … and, at this point you really have no clear idea what you (will) like/want/need as you grow in your experience … play everything you can get your hands on, noting the little nuances of things that you find you like/dislike, and after a while you will find yourself not relying on others recommendations ...
JMHO's … as always ..