Japan is interesting as, in some cases, they still refer to things with reference to Tokyo (or more specifically the emperor). So regardless where you are, 'up' refers to towards Tokyo and and down refers to away from Tokyo. I used to live in the far north of Honshu and found it confusing that southbound trains were going 'up' and vice versa.
I've only ever really heard Americans using cardinals for travelling directions, and very seldom know which direction I'm facing. GPS is annoying for that when you're starting out on a journey and it says "Go north 500 m..." I can't see Polaris, don't know which way is north, so have to drive around a bit til it starts saying 'turn left...'