Just one more photo with the pickup mounted to the bridge the way you used it, please.
I think the Roland Cube is made for bass guitar and therefor a preamp is needed.
Your pickup looks like the infamous Fishman BP-100 which needs to be clamped to the side of the bridge top each of the two piezos between two strings (make sure you use the plan side of the bridge!).
If you don't have the clamps, you can order them from Fishman.
Some people mount them like an Underwood in the bridge wings using hard wood veneer to fill the gap. That might sound a bit better (or not).
The main problem is, that the input impedance of your amp (which is not too bad, just a bit weak) is much too low for your pickup (and also fo most other piezo pickups, but worst for the pickup you have). So for any piezo pickup you want to use with this amp you need a preamp/impedance buffer. A cheap and good solution would be the FDeck HPFpre. Version I or II is fine, version III is mostly for bass guitar. The high pass filter in there (it passes anything except the boomy lows and is adjustable) lets get you more audible volume out of your amp too. It is also one of a few preamps that has the 10 MOhms input impedance needed for the BP-100.
Since any other preamp costs at least twice as much (or much much more) than a HPFpre, order one from Francis Deck (who is on this forum too and has a website for this).
A differrent pickup will get better results too, but for this amp you should get the preamp first. Then you can experiment with the mounting of your pickup and if you are not satisfied, get something else later.