Okay so I've been playing guitar for about a year now. I taught myself how to play and caught on pretty quick. I never actually learned the notes on the frets though...
I have played guitar for 35 years and just made the transition about 2 years ago. I had a bass for home recording projects for 20 years, but really was not a bass player. I would just thump some roots along with the chord progression, or maybe repeat a simple blues walking line. Then I would put the bass back on the case or another year or two at a time.
So one day a co-worker asks me if I play bass as his band just lost their bass player. I have just left a group and was itchin' for something different, so I was all "yeah, sure, youbetcha!" I got their playlist and auditioned two weeks later. I only really had 4 or 5 tunes down, and just thumped along with the chord progressions on the bulk of them. Not really impressive but they musta been desperate enough to give me the spot. THEN with the band I started learning to be a bass player.
I think I squeeked by because I understood chord progressions and song structures from playing guitar, because I already had experience interacting with other musicians while playing (LISTENING, looking for cues, giving cues, rolling with errors instead of stumbling..) and above all focusing on TIMING and rhythm before fancy finger work.
I suggest you DO take the time to learn the "notes on the frets". You need to be able to know scales and intervals and be able to visualize them on the fretboard, to see the shapes and patterns. At least how a major scale is built out of two fret steps except for the interval between 3 and 4 and the interval between 7 and 8 being only one fret. If you KNOW the fretboard without thinking about it, and you can visualize the shapes and patterns of at least a major scale (and maybe the minor pentatonic), playing music becomes much easier. It becomes easier to accurately figure out a song, it becomes easier to play a song-you-don't-really-know on the fly. Even just knowing the key of a song, where the root notes of all the chords are, and knowing where the 3rd, 5th, and octave allowed me to sneak myself into a band and impersonate a bass player with a reasonable amount of success.
Most of what I had to deal with in the transition had to do with the simple mechanics and physics of fatter strings wider fret spacing and string spacing, and the volume and tone dynamics of different right hand attack. Knowing the fretboard was a BIG advantage.
Otherwise you end up kinda blindly poking at the fretboard and listening to see if you hit the right note, and then making corrections. This makes learning a song by ear very SLOW and tedious. It means playing a song gets stored entirely in "muscle memory" and not really intellectually digested. so changing key can be difficult. or changing the progression, or many other surprises (that do happen often) become difficult to roll with. It also makes playing unfamiliar songs very difficult.
Learn the fretboard. Learn intervals. Train your ear to recognize intervals. Teach your self how to "just know" where that next note is.