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Whats the diference

EP stands for 'extended play,' as in an old 45 with more than 2 songs, or a 12" 33rpm (vinyl) record with less than ten songs or under something like 35 minutes. LP stands for 'Long Player' as in a full length vinyl record...I think :)
 
Originally, an EP was a 12" that played at 45 rpm speed. The result was 4 to 6 songs, as opposed to the 10-12 songs of a LP.



EPs were available in different formats at different times, but the most common were usually punk and the like in the '70s, usually from the UK, and were 7" and 45RPM, though there were also 12" versions.

Now, EPs can be CDs, cassettes, whatever.

There were also 12" singles, big in the '70s. Man, they sounded good, the bass on the 33RPM 12 inchers was HUGE. One song per side (or often one song with a version or a Part Two on the other side), usually Disco or Reggae.
 
Yes to all of the above. Except I'd argue that the 12" and EP were a popular format in metal too. I have thousands of 80's metal 'records' in all formats. Maiden were the kings of releasing 12" singles, which mostly consisted of an A side (the album track/single) and 1 or 2 b side tracks, which were usually non-album track cover versions.