All very good posts above.
Other than scales, and trying to listen to bass lines and play by ear, I have no idea what to do. When I say that I refer to becoming smoother, and getting to the point where I can move around the fretboard and know what note I am playing. The definite end point is to get so proficient that I could possibly play in a band or record myself.
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Where are the notes on your fretboard? Or where are the patterns on your fretboard. Kinda important that you know this. The bass (4 string) is a harmony and rhythm instrument that
normally leaves the melody to the melody instruments. Never played a 6 string, but I would think it would be used for harmony and melody. OK that out of the way lets focus on patterns we will use with rhythm and harmony first.
If the song is in the key of C and will use a I-IV-V progression. Find a C note on the A string. Where is the F (IV) and G (V)? Yep, where they always are, above the C on the next string up and next string down. Find a G where are it's C and D? Want C's root in the next octave? Look to your right and up a couple of strings. Patterns like that are all over your neck.
Playing in a band is not rocket science. Just follow the chords and play notes of that chord. I'd point you to some sheet music right at first. I used fake chord sheet music - which looks like this.
TWINKLE TWINKLE LITTLE STAR CHORDS by Misc Children @ Ultimate-Guitar.Com Find the chord, play its root and fake the rest. I know you are asking which other notes? The Root, 3, 5 and 7 for right now. Right at first concentrate on the root and five, get those into the rhythm, before the music goes off and leaves you. See the chord and play notes of that chord that are needed for this specific song. If it was easy everybody would be a musician. Just roots to the beat will play a lot of bass.
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I'm going to point you to
How to get started? | TalkBass.com I have several posts under MalcolmAmos that will go into detail about chord tones and rhythm.
Welcome and good luck.