The real takeaway here is you'll want to experiment. And it will be fun. My experience was to find some guidelines (some of which have already been stated above), wire up my board based on some (well meant but somewhat arbitrary) consensus online, and take that order for granted. But I was much happier after breaking some of the 'rules'.
To start with, compression before overdrive. That would kill my signal, as I like to take advantage of the 'touch sensitivity' of a drive pedal and ride the line in gain between grind and grit, so that a slight dynamic change gives a new sound. Compressing the signal first would give me less control over the od level- unless we're strictly referring to a limiting-type compression for pops and whoopsies.
Delay at the end- this is no fun for me. The interaction between delay and modulation is completely different depending on order. Keep in mind these are both linked to a time base. Let's say you have a flanger before a delay, your sound might be like this: Neyaow Neyaow Neyaow Neyaow. That's OK but I prefer this sound of the flanger after delay: Ne Ney Ey Eyo Yo Yow Ow ONe
And about drives and modulation, I like both orders and in a perfect world would have one or two drives before and after modulation. Basically, drive before will produce a more dramatic modulated sound because the drive is creating additional upper harmonics that the chorus / phaser / flange will modulate. It will sound 'bigger' and 'brighter'. Drive after will be more subtle.