This isn't as complicated as you think it is. So I'm just going to clear some things up for you:
If the head is higher powered (in watts) than the cab, it won't wreck the cab, so long as you don't turn it all the way up.
The head will have two outputs, so yes you can connect both to the head and that is parallel.
When you connect two cabs to the head, the head splits the Volume it is putting out into both of the cabs, so in your case with the 300 head 150 watts into each cab, resulting in 300 watts. If you bought the 600 head (575 watts) [I recoment you buy that one, you'll be greatfull later on] and connected two 8 ohm cabs, it would once again put half the power into each cab (282.5 watts into each cab, no it won't blow up the 115 because it is only 250 watts).
Re (the different cab thing): Ashdown have the 114 cab and the 410 cab both have 4x10", but I'm not too sure what the difference is, i think one of them may be deeper?
Last thing, make sure you try out the amp your getting, I mostly know all this stuff because I had planned on getting the 600 Head with 410 cab and did ********* of reasearch, went into a store tried it out, and ended up putting a deposit on a marshall rig (MB450 & MBC 410).
Correcting Andy Martin; the head is 575 watts into 8 ohms, not 4 ohms
If the head is higher powered (in watts) than the cab, it won't wreck the cab, so long as you don't turn it all the way up.
The head will have two outputs, so yes you can connect both to the head and that is parallel.
When you connect two cabs to the head, the head splits the Volume it is putting out into both of the cabs, so in your case with the 300 head 150 watts into each cab, resulting in 300 watts. If you bought the 600 head (575 watts) [I recoment you buy that one, you'll be greatfull later on] and connected two 8 ohm cabs, it would once again put half the power into each cab (282.5 watts into each cab, no it won't blow up the 115 because it is only 250 watts).
Re (the different cab thing): Ashdown have the 114 cab and the 410 cab both have 4x10", but I'm not too sure what the difference is, i think one of them may be deeper?
Last thing, make sure you try out the amp your getting, I mostly know all this stuff because I had planned on getting the 600 Head with 410 cab and did ********* of reasearch, went into a store tried it out, and ended up putting a deposit on a marshall rig (MB450 & MBC 410).
Correcting Andy Martin; the head is 575 watts into 8 ohms, not 4 ohms