I must have read a different paper.....
It looked to me a bit as if they were looking in the wrong places, for the wrong thing.
I won't try to determine which is "better", but there are things which are "different" between the usual SS and the usual tube circuit, and guitar amps are the very MOST likely to bring them out.
I have NEVER been involved in the "clinical" double blind test routine.... it was never of the slightest importance to what we as designers did.
The most important thing has always been; "Which of these do you like best, and WHY do you like it better that the other one?". We would get a bunch of musicians in and have them deo their rigs, and try our new stuff. No sterile, clinical, regimented double-blind, we wanted the raw "like or dislike" info, along with the "why".
What we found was that in general, players who cared (guitar players in this case) would usually go for the tube units, and were always able to point out what they liked, or disliked, and demonstrate it.
I should mention that right at the beginning of my involvement with amps, I had all the SS amps changed to have a high output impedance (created electronically), which naturally made a big difference. So that wasn't the issue.
And I have seen what happened when we made changes that brought the SS units closer to the tube characteristics. People would play the amps longer, and seemed to enjoy doing it more.
At that point, it didn't matter what they said, we already knew what they thought from their behavior.
Double-blind testing has its place. It works well in medicine, for therapeutic drug testing, etc.
For a more subjective test, a listening test, etc, I think it often gets in the way so that the test procedure becomes a factor in the test itself. Many good musicians get frustrated and irritated at the procedure and precautions in some DB tests, their performance, and therefore test results, are not good as a result.