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how to make a long scale ?

The scale length is, in fact, the effective length of the strings. Thus the distance from nut to bridge saddles. The frets are then placed according to this distance as following:

- the location of the first fret is the scale length divided by 17.817 (the fret constant)

- then, the second fret is located at the remaining distance (from first fret to bridge), divided by 17.817

- and so on..

Conclusion: you will need a new neck, with different fret locations and, possibly, you could move the bridge, but this is not absolutely necessary if you have a longer neck. Also you must know that the sound will change, as the pickups are located at strategic positions (at spots with good or best harmonics) and if you change the scale length, these spots also move (same theory as fret placement).
 
Also you must know that the sound will change, as the pickups are located at strategic positions (at spots with good or best harmonics)

Just wanted to correct your very informative post: there are no "good harmonics" hovering over the pickup positions. There couldn't be, because the harmonics all move the second you fret a note. Now, of course, the position of the pickups does have a very obvious impact on sound, and that impact is related to harmonics, but it's not accurate to say that the pickups are located at specific nodes. Even when people do bother to place the pickups under specific nodes, this only holds true for open strings and with single coils.
 
Just wanted to correct your very informative post: there are no "good harmonics" hovering over the pickup positions. There couldn't be, because the harmonics all move the second you fret a note. Now, of course, the position of the pickups does have a very obvious impact on sound, and that impact is related to harmonics, but it's not accurate to say that the pickups are located at specific nodes. Even when people do bother to place the pickups under specific nodes, this only holds true for open strings and with single coils.

Thank you :smug:, I always thought that there were 'right' spots, but your explanation makes perfect sense. :cool: