Most Effective Notation Method...

[Koshchei]

The only software I’ve ever bothered to learn:
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I should probably get with the times, eh?

Pencil and paper's awesome for corrections and scribbling stuff in the field, but MuseScore is way faster and less prone to error because you can drag stuff around and hear it back.

 

[turf3]

I can only pile on by adding that it's a great help to have a keyboard handy. Whether an actual piano or an electronic, it helps tremendously in understanding things like enharmonics and how things sound that are written.