I almost hate to say it, but some of this theory stuff is easier to visualize on keyboard. Once you start playing different inversions with your right hand and let the left hand or the bass player to establish the root, all sorts things begin to fall into place-- the dim7 being one that shows early any you learn that dim chord shape in you right hand.
On bass the visualization may come from practicing arps on different inversions.
On bass the visualization may come from practicing arps on different inversions.