A simple test - measure the distance from the nut at the top of the fretboard, to the 12 the fret. Then measure from the 12 the fret to approximately the center of the bridge intonation travel. They should be equal.
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And start with something simple: clip the spring in half so you get a tad more rearwards travel (this is assuming you have a plate bridge and not a tune-o-matic style bridge, like on an Epiphone or Warwick). I've had to do that on almost every bass I've ever owned in the 38+ years I've played bass.
Every Fender I've ever set up in the thirty-eight plus years I've played bass, both for myself and my friends; and concededly, many off-brand basses that the bridge was not set properly to begin with. Recently, both the Ibby SRA305's I played (I recently sold one) needed the B string adjustment screw and the spring both shortened to get the saddle back far enough. And that was after trying a dozen different B strings.Really???
What make of basses?
I currently have 10+ makes/models and have never run out of intonation range.
Some makes are prone to it tho, I guess...
No reason, tho, that something with the bassic essentials shouldn't be able to be adjusted to be playable.
Truly, how often does one play at the 12th fret or higher on the B string? I check intonation at the 5th, 7th, 10th and 12th frets, and come up with the closest solution where most of my playing actually takes place.On a bass I had trouble with, for a while I intonated to the 5th or 7th fret instead of the 12th. It was a lot easier and I didn't usually use the B string up that high. This lasted until I did a more permenant fix.