I recently got a Fender Road-Worn P bass (Mexico made)($1000) , It'll do the job. Any kind of Fender Rumble Amp ( used ) under $300. Gigging heads and cabs are another story but don't jump into that until you are ready. 
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Another vote for budget heavy on the amp side. This would be my picks for your rig.
Squier Vintage Modified fretless Jazz Bass 4 string - $299 brand new musiciansfriend.
(This because you are big on Jaco right now and you'll probably like it)
Squier Deluxe Active fretted Jazz 5 string - $329 brand new musiciansfriend.
(This way you have versatility, you have a 4 string fretless and a 5 string fretted for any and all situations, they match cosmetically too. Grand total of $550 bucks for two brand new basses)
For an amp it gets a little trickier to pick for you, but I would recommend fitting this criteria.
1)At least 300w, but preferably more. (loud enough to play with drums or do gigs in the future)
2)A combo so it's easy to carry (lighter than say....75lbs so that you can go jam with people)
3)Along with weight, small enough to easily fit it into your car.
Look into markbass, genz benz, traynor, and everything else that's hot right now in the amps forum. Don't skimp on this.
Pay $100 for an SX, and you can gig it pro, if it fits you.
Pay $100 for an amp, and you'll shoot yourself after listening to that tone for too long.