Latin music, as you state it, implies an extremely broad range of genres and styles. Almost any central and south american country has its own type of music, but some of the most widely recognized are:
-Bossanova and samba from Brazil
-Salsa, which comes mainly from Puerto Rico (some also credit New York since many famous names made their career there i.e. members of the Fania All Star).
-Cuban music, which includes genres like the Son ("Not your offspring", as Gloria Estefan clarified) and the Timba, which is dubbed as the "Latin funk". There are many great cuban musicians who have helped to develop what we know nowadays as "Latin jazz". Names like Chano Pozo (who highly influenced Dizzy Gillespie. "Manteca" is an essential listening for this), Paquito D'Rivera, Arturo Sandoval and Chucho Valdés are so prominent in the genre.
For great bassists in the salsa and cuban music styles, check names like Bobby Valentín, Salvador "Sal" Cuevas, Carlos Del Puerto, Feliciano Arango, Omar Hernández, Diego Valdés, Anthony Jackson, Lincoln Goines, Israel López "Cachao" on double bass, Pedro Pérez on electric upright and (last but not least) TalkBasser Rubén Rodríguez

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Artists to look for if you want to browse some discographies: Any Fania All Star-related name like Willie Colón, Héctor Lavoe, Richie Ray & Bobby Cruz, Ray Barreto, Larry Harlow, Sonora Ponceña and Rubén Blades. Many recordings by these artists feature Salvador Cuevas and Bobby Valentín on bass. Bobby (who is a trumpeter turned bassist) also has his own band and recordings. He plays an original Ampeg Scroll bass guitar.
For cuban music and latin jazz: Irakere (Carlos Del Puerto on bass), NG La Banda (Feliciano Arango), Paquito D'Rivera (Lincoln Goines among others), Michel Camilo (awesome pianist who has Anthony Jackson playing bass with him), Cuarto Espacio (Omar Hernández). "Buena Vista Social Club" is a great movie-CD about a research on cuban music made by guitarist Ry Cooder, who plays with big old cuban musicians like the late pianist Rubén González, Ibrahim Ferrer, Eliades Ochoa, Compay Segundo and many others. Another EXCELLENT movie is "Calle 54" ("54th street") made by Spanish director Fernando Trueba.
The link below will allow you to download an mp3 of a song by NG La Banda called "La Bruja" ("The Witch"). This is one of my favorite cuban bands (Feliciano Arango on bass). The brass section is known as the "Terror brass" and they are considered as the originators of the "Timba" genre. The only thing I dislike from them is that their music is very good because the monstruously good players and the impressive arrangements, but without those factors, the songs are very silly IMO.
Of course, this list is just the tip of the iceberg. There are so many great brazilian artists also like Antonio Carlos Jobim, Caetano Veloso, Astrud Gilberto, Vinicius de Moraes... Have fun with your research! Please don't hesitate to ask if you need further recommendations.
Link to "La Bruja":
Link Removed