Been looking at pics of the circuit boards, trying to locate where I can adjust the bias on the EL84's, going to do some tube rolling, and does anyone know what the {ma} setting should be, I am guessing 20-25
This amp is cathode biased, each output tube has a network with two resistors and a bypass capacitor on the cathode.
Cathode network circled in red:
I believe the individual cathode networks reduces the impact of mistmatched tubes, which reduces hum. My vintage Vox AC30 shares a single cathode network across all 4 tubes.
I took these readings on my Mk1 LB30.
Output tubes are Ruby EL84 rated PC24 TC2800
Plate = 329V
Cathode = 10.5V to 11.5V
Effective Plate = Average 318V
Total Cathode Resistance = 320 Ohms
Calculated Cathode Current range =
32.8-35.9mA
85% dissipation = 32.1mA
90% dissipation = 34mA
95% dissipation = 35.8mA
I set up my amps on a variac with an ammeter. The Mk1 idles at 0.92A (total current), 120V
These dissipation ratings are based on the effective plate voltage and the 12W plate dissipation rating of the tube type. It's fairly easy to do the calculations, but I use this webpage:
Tube Bias Calc (robrobinette.com)
The hottest tube is running right at the limit (95%). 35.8mA is the cathode current, which is split to the plate and screen grid. So, the actual plate current should be running slightly under 35.8mA. If you want the actual plate current, measure the voltage drop across the screen resistors, calculate the screen current and subtract from the cathode current.
Some people actually like biasing this type of circuit considerably over 100%. So although the tubes in the Mk1 may be a bit worn, I am not too concerned. I have a fresh set of JJ EL84s.
In order to change the bias, you change the resistance in the cathode networks. Reducing the resistance will result in higher tube current.
My Mk2 idles at 0.84mA, so my guess is the tubes are running a bit cooler. I have not documented the operating voltages in the Mk2. I believe all of the tubes are JJs.