I don't have a natural "ear" at all. Am getting better at it.......but still struggle mightily.
What I do to find the note is play the music, hit pause, go around the fretboard until I find what I think is the note (there's only 12 choices....). Rewind, play the note I think it is with the recording, repeat until I get it. Once I have the first note, I'll try a major scale over top of the recording to see if most of those notes fit. No go, then I try a penatonic (1 34 1 34 13) one. If that works, then it's just a matter of listening to a bar, pausing, finding the notes, continue.
Sometimes it's *really* easy......sometimes I have to get help. Help might be finding a tab (won't work in OP case), or asking another musician. My guitar player is pretty good at picking out notes, and doesn't mind helping me work through a song if I've tried it and just don't get it.
Some people don't *know* theory and can't tell you what key they're in, like your guitar player. Becomes a bit of a clash when different musical training levels play together..... It may not be a matter of *won't* tell you the notes, they probably can't! So it's up to you to decide if that's the way you want to work with this band. If not.......find another. Or you could teach the guitar player some theory

.
For instance, I learned how to play bass at blues jams. So I'm used to someone saying, it's a 2 51 turnaround......it's a 1 4 5, etc. Honestly, I didn't learn much of the fret board because I'd just find the key note and use the scale degrees (instead of note names). I join up with a rock group, they're calling me out notes, I'm lost. But, they stuck with me and now I can do both (usually.....still working on it!). Plus, now they know a bit about 1 4 5's and all that

. However, had they told me to "just learn it" and refused to help.......it wouldn't have worked....
Just wait until you get to play with people who capo...how about alternate tunings.......wheeeee!