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sensitivity or frequency response for cabs?

First, there are tradeoffs, especially if you consider factors like overall size. Remember the "small, loud, low" rule. Thus, every real-world speaker will have some specs that seem like "negatives" compared to competitors. If you publish honest specs, your competitors will use all of your negatives against you before publishing their own specs, or will selectively publish their positives but not their negatives.

Second, it is possible to learn a lot about a design from response curves. You could spend a lot of time and money to design a speaker that sounds good, and your competitor could take your curves and quickly design a speaker with similar curves with much less R&D cost. It would be very hard to sell against a competitor who says: "Look, we have the same specs for a lower price."

Thus in my view, the first few courageous gear makers who publish full specs may very well suffer from doing so. It makes little sense for any gear maker to be the first.

.

Your whole post is full of excellent points and it's understandable from a short-term business/marketing aspect why no company would want to be the first but there must be a sales positive, right way to do it. Maybe nobody's bothered to come up with it yet because they're stuck on the "do what works now, get the next unit out the door" mentality. This is usually where some folks would encourage gov't to step in with regualtions/standards etc. but personally, I would rather wade through the mud, keep putting info out there and leave them out of it. IMO.

That is where a set standard would be of real benefit. If company A says "our cab can do this" and compare it to company B's cab tested the exact same way they could point out both why theirs is better and why company B is full of it and shouldn't be trusted. The marketeers could have a field day and everybody wins.


Pipe dreams of a pie in the sky?
 
One thing I'd like to add here is that I notice the little "slight of hand" when it comes to some of these specs. I can't imagine I'm the only one.

Suppose you have about 94db @ around 200hz. That would likely carry down to 100hz or so and it would be completely reasonable to show an f3 of around 47hz if your box is big enough. That's one measurement, leave it as it is. Then you take what's going on above 200hz, factor in a peak that's in the top end of the speaker's response and it's completely reasonable to end up with a sensitivity of 98 in those frequencies. Problem is a lot of companies never average the two. They claim an f3 of 47 and an SPL of 98 even though those two conclusions are taken in completely different frequency bands and really aren't related as far as coming up with simple, average numbers. That's a little bit of the slight of hand that I can't stand. People, or actually marketeers, if you can actually think of them as equal beings to you and I, will take that and try to rationalize obvious deception as being some scientifically gathered information or just call it subjective. It's sales tactics, it's outright lying in my book. It's somebody lighting your house of fire and then turning around and trying to sell you insurance.:spit:

These numbers are similair to the Genz 112 in question but if you want to see some real BS, check out this speaker.

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36hz and 103db....eat my shorts.

Makes you appreciate some of the folks we're arguing with although less wrong is still wrong.
 
What kind of measurements do you expect to get with a bass lick loop? (hint... what do you expect to get as a measurement result here?)

You sure the power will be the same as you change impedances and amplifier taps (hint... probably not even close)

How do you plan on measuring the input power level to the speaker? With what kind of signal and what kind of meter? (hint... you need to use a signal and meter that are compatable with the measurement you intend to make)

What will your measurement plane be relative to the space plane? (hint... sum and difference phase cancellations)

You might read up on the various measurement techniques so that you understand what you are trying to measure and the various options before you start down this path. There's lots of forks in the road.

I expect to get a real world representation of what each cab sounds like as a bass cab. If I run a swept tone through them that might tell me how well the cabinets would perform as a PA speaker. The RTA function in Sonar and the Freq analyisis tool in Audacity can display an average freq response profile. So if I play a few multiple octave runs that should cover the range of my bass pretty well.

Now I am a little confused by your one statemenr. My tube amp is supposed to supply the same watts into 4 or 8 ohm loads I should get the same level out of each cabinet with minor differences due to the varying sensitivity of the drivers, number of drivers etc. Either way I am not too concerned with whether I get 200 watts out of an 8 ohm cab vs 235 out of a 4 ohm cab if there is even that much difference between taps. Is there something I dont know about tube amps?

I am not planning on measuring the power at the speaker tap with a DMM to get the exact volts hitting the cab. It would be scientifically interesting I am sure, but I am more interested in what the frequency response profile of the different cabs is.
It will not be perfect. There are of course various room modes which will get in the way a bit. There are also other cabinets in the room, a lot of them! And being sprung pieces of paper they will likely do some bass trapping.
This is just my idea of a quick and dirty field experiment. I do not have access to much in the way of a decent acoustic environment. My tools are limited to microphones, preamps and computers. Okay I do have an oscope and DMM as well as the Roger Nichols test tone CD. But this has to take only a couple of hours before band practice.

I got some work that just came up over the next few days so it will have to wait until sunday or so.

If I have time I might run the Roger Nichols CD. It has swept tones, as well as steady tones at various freqs.
 
One thing I'd like to add here is that I notice the little "slight of hand" when it comes to some of these specs. I can't imagine I'm the only one.

Suppose you have about 94db @ around 200hz. That would likely carry down to 100hz or so and it would be completely reasonable to show an f3 of around 47hz if your box is big enough. That's one measurement, leave it as it is. Then you take what's going on above 200hz, factor in a peak that's in the top end of the speaker's response and it's completely reasonable to end up with a sensitivity of 98 in those frequencies. Problem is a lot of companies never average the two. They claim an f3 of 47 and an SPL of 98 even though those two conclusions are taken in completely different frequency bands and really aren't related as far as coming up with simple, average numbers. That's a little bit of the slight of hand that I can't stand. People, or actually marketeers, if you can actually think of them as equal beings to you and I, will take that and try to rationalize obvious deception as being some scientifically gathered information or just call it subjective. It's sales tactics, it's outright lying in my book. It's somebody lighting your house of fire and then turning around and trying to sell you insurance.:spit:

These numbers are similair to the Genz 112 in question but if you want to see some real BS, check out this speaker.

I need to correct your statements above for accuracy, they are not similar to numbers I presented for the 112. You are 3dB off in your low frequency (<200Hz) comment (I said 97dB and it's an average down to the -3dB point) and then you say "the sensitivity is based on the >200Hz and companies "forget" to average". I clearly stated several times as well as provided the math regarding the way I did average the LF and MF regions using equal areas above and below the curve bisecting line. I repeat... our sensitivity is an average of the LF and MF, and we do not include the HF (which would be an even larger number) because many players choose not to use the tweeter or choose to use a different amount to suit their own particular taste.
 
I don't get why some think measurements are evil. Honest Measurements always agree with your ears. We just need more honest measurements so people see how they relate.

Your whole post is full of excellent points and it's understandable from a short-term business/marketing aspect why no company would want to be the first but there must be a sales positive, right way to do it. Maybe nobody's bothered to come up with it yet because they're stuck on the "do what works now, get the next unit out the door" mentality. This is usually where some folks would encourage gov't to step in with regualtions/standards etc. but personally, I would rather wade through the mud, keep putting info out there and leave them out of it. IMO.

well said
 
36hz and 103db....eat my shorts.
Pass the salt and pepper. Those are raw driver specs, 36Hz being Fs, not F3 or F10. The 103dB sensitivity is 'optimistic'. They don't show T/S specs to calculate to see if it's accurate, though I'm certain it's a break-up mode peak.
I repeat... our sensitivity is an average of the LF and MF
That's still a practice that is specifically excluded by IEC/AES. You can argue all you want why you think it's appropriate to do so, but if it was appropriate it wouldn't be specifically forbidden by the ruling bodies.
 
That's still a practice that is specifically excluded by IEC/AES. You can argue all you want why you think it's appropriate to do so, but if it was appropriate it wouldn't be specifically forbidden by the ruling bodies.

Bill, it's not a PA cabinet, it's not IEC/AES/EIA rated, it doesn't pretend to be a PA cabinet, it's never going to be a PA cabinet any more than a guitar cabinet is going to be a PA cabinet, it's intentionally designed to have voicing and the voicing of ALL bass cabinets contribute to the sensitivity the player experiences. It's the reason why a player picks a particular cabinet over say a PA cabinet. If a player prefers an IEC/AES/EIA rated PA cabinet then that's what they should be looking at. Most players choose their equipment on how it sounds and how it plays under their own particular conditions and needs.

In my professional opinion, true averaged sensitivity is much more appropriate FOR BASS CABINETS than the IEC/AES method because bass players often intentionally overdrive their speakers in their quest for a particular sound or tone. In fact, I think the IEC/AES method is misleading under the conditions most players operate their equipment. Should bass players be specifically forbidden to do this so that their playing remains consistent under the rules of any governing body? I really don't think this would go over well in the bass community.

If we were rating this as a PA speaker I could see your point, but understand that we are rating this as a bass guitar speaker and not a PA speaker because it IS a bass guitar speaker.
 
Bill, it's not a PA cabinet, it's not IEC/AES/EIA rated, it doesn't pretend to be a PA cabinet.
Ampeg follows the industry standard. Aguilar follows the industry standard. And they don't make PA cabinets.
Nowhere in the AES/IEC documents do they specify that standard measurement protocols apply to PA speakers, or hi-fi speakers, or auto-sound speakers or boom-box speakers. They apply to all speakers, period.
IMO there are two paths to choose from: follow the standards that exist and be part of the solution, or set your own criteria, and be part of the problem.
 
I've just read this entire thread, and shocked parts of it haven't caused a lock. I'm a normal player, and I buy what sounds great. I factor in customer service, weight, how much the cab handle, and perhaps a few other variables.

It appears some posters are just enjoying trying to belittle those who don't really take much interest in the in depth specs. Perhaps most players could baffle these posters with their own specialism, eg the lawyers and doctors among us.

Some of the comments aimed at the Genz chaps are rude/condescending. I think Genz's presence on here is fantastic, even though I don't own any of their products. If these comments continue, it will more than likely result in less contact from Genz and/or it will deter any other manufacturers.
 
I've just read this entire thread, and shocked parts of it haven't caused a lock. I'm a normal player, and I buy what sounds great. I factor in customer service, weight, how much the cab handle, and perhaps a few other variables.

It appears some posters are just enjoying trying to belittle those who don't really take much interest in the in depth specs. Perhaps most players could baffle these posters with their own specialism, eg the lawyers and doctors among us.

Some of the comments aimed at the Genz chaps are rude/condescending. I think Genz's presence on here is fantastic, even though I don't own any of their products. If these comments continue, it will more than likely result in less contact from Genz and/or it will deter any other manufacturers.

You are entitled to your opinion as are others. I really don't see the " enjoyment " of the more tech oriented posters in purposely trying " belittle " the rest; I see it as an education for those who would like to learn more about the tech side of their equipment, and how some specs seem to be exaggerated at best.
 
I need to correct your statements above for accuracy, they are not similar to numbers I presented for the 112. You are 3dB off in your low frequency (<200Hz) comment (I said 97dB and it's an average down to the -3dB point) and then you say "the sensitivity is based on the >200Hz and companies "forget" to average". I clearly stated several times as well as provided the math regarding the way I did average the LF and MF regions using equal areas above and below the curve bisecting line. I repeat... our sensitivity is an average of the LF and MF, and we do not include the HF (which would be an even larger number) because many players choose not to use the tweeter or choose to use a different amount to suit their own particular taste.

I could read back through 15 pages and tweak a few numbers but it still seems a little off. A simple FR graph would eliminate all that. There's plenty to argue here regarding industry standard test methods, etc. The demeaning statements towards the end there are more directed towards speakers like the one in the link which are way too common. Your's aren't nearly as far out of line as that one but still, a single sensitivity number doesn't tell you much if anything about what's going on in the bottom, or the top. In fact it doesn't tell you much about the tonality at all. About all you can tell from that is maybe one speaker my play a little louder or softer than another one. Actually, a bit lower SPL speaker with good lows can sound louder on a bass than a higher SPL speaker with a weaker bottom. Again, a simple chart would tell us so much more.

By the way, thanks for playing along. I still don't see any other major company guys jumping in here.
 
You are entitled to your opinion as are others. I really don't see the " enjoyment " of the more tech oriented posters in purposely trying " belittle " the rest; I see it as an education for those who would like to learn more about the tech side of their equipment, and how some specs seem to be exaggerated at best.

I know we've butted heads before on things but this post kept me from quitting the forum today, so thank you. I, like you, enjoy the tech and specs side of the show a lot and want to know as much as I can, and the current trend of belittling the people who provide that knowledge really bugs me.
 
I know we've butted heads before on things but this post kept me from quitting the forum today, so thank you. I, like you, enjoy the tech and specs side of the show a lot and want to know as much as I can, and the current trend of belittling the people who provide that knowledge really bugs me.


You're welcome, although I'm not that much into it like you and some others are, I still enjoy the discussion, and am getting more interested in the spec side of things.
 
Two quick points - firstly that Genz Benz's specs are a lot closer to reality than some of the other manufacturers and their methodology is logical even if I don't quite agree with it, so aggressive argument should really be reserved for those (unsurprisingly) silent parties!

And secondly, as I keep saying, a simple 1W frequency response plot can be quite misleading, especially with more powerful drivers which have high BL and low Qts thus maintaining high midrange sensitivity despite high Xmax, which garners increased max LF SPL at the expense of 1W LF sensitivity.
 
Ampeg follows the industry standard. Aguilar follows the industry standard. And they don't make PA cabinets.
Nowhere in the AES/IEC documents do they specify that standard measurement protocols apply to PA speakers, or hi-fi speakers, or auto-sound speakers or boom-box speakers. They apply to all speakers, period.
IMO there are two paths to choose from: follow the standards that exist and be part of the solution, or set your own criteria, and be part of the problem.

I think part of the issue here is that the measurement and calculation method is not stated. Within this industry, I would expect (or maybe wish) that a specification covered by the AES/IEC standards would be quoted without citing the standard. The assumption being that if the method is not stated, it adheres to the accepted standard. If an alternate measurement or calculation is used, such as averaging sensitivity over the LF and MF domains, this should be stated with the associated specifications since it deviates from the assumed standard. Of course, if I produced bass amplification equipment, I would not sell anything before having generated many detailed response measurements. Then, I would definitively state which standards I followed in testing. This is no different than when I test the instrumentation I design (day job) for saltwater corrosion resistance per ASTM test specifications. The results I come up with are stated along with the standard I followed to perform the testing. One of these is an acoustic sensor, so I follow acoustic standards for oceanographic sensors here.

Caveat: The assumption that quoted specs on bass guitar equipment adhere to AES/IEC standards is not a good one in many cases.

Bill and agedhorse, I appreciate both of you being present in this forum equally. Without the ability to discuss technical matters with experts like yourselves, I wouldn't visit this forum nearly as often. I hope that discussions like this are carried out in the interest of professional discourse and debate, rather than personal vendettas.

agedhorse is providing specifications and measurement methods here, which is well beyond what most of the industry provides. Whether or not the methods are as prescribed by the AES/IEC standard, he *is* stating what the methods are. This method is employed because it is believed to be a better representation of real-world performance to a bass player. The intent here doesn't seem to be circumvention of an industry-set standard to inflate specifications.

However, since neither AES/IEC standards or the altered measurement methods used by agedhorse are understood by the average bass player, it is no longer an even playing field. Perhaps unintentionally, this is deceptive to the typical consumer in the bass industry, since the assumption is that these specs adhere to a standard and can be compared. There are many reasons for standard measurement practices to exist and be followed, even if they may not tell the complete story in your particular application. The bottom line is that they provide an objective, fixed method of comparing a wide range of equipment.

Where the musical instrument industry (and bass industry specifically) have failed is in educating customers about what *actually* works well in a bass amplification application. This doesn't mean every bass player has to understand the engineering principles behind the measurement and design. It just means that bass player should probably understand that response down to 30Hz and ultra-flat broadband response isn't usually what he/she actually likes or requires. Further, it's rarely what he/she is actually getting from equipment that claims to possess these attributes. Rather than deceiving ourselves and others into thinking that this is required, the industry would be better served by objectively communicating what actually works for bass within the greater context of professional audio equipment and the associated standards.

Within that context, the best approach is to follow AES/IEC standards of measurement, state that these have been followed, and educate your customers on why your specifications might not be comparable to others that were not generated using the standard. Otherwise, you may as well not generate any specifications, since there is no basis of comparison if you are the only one using your method. This defeats the purpose of specifications entirely, since it is impossible to use them for comparison.

If every manufacturer would just post a half-space frequency response plot generated by following AES/IEC standards, one could compute one's own sensitivity numbers for any particular frequency band desired. Even this would only tell part of the story until one started factoring in phase response, group delay, dispersion, displacement-limited response, etc. But even a frequency response plot would be a drastic improvement on what's out there today.

All of that aside, the last thing I want to see is either billfitzmaurice or agedhorse leaving the forum because the discourse here gets ugly.
 
And secondly, as I keep saying, a simple 1W frequency response plot can be quite misleading, especially with more powerful drivers which have high BL and low Qts thus maintaining high midrange sensitivity despite high Xmax, which garners increased max LF SPL at the expense of 1W LF sensitivity.

What's to stop people from posting a 1w/1m and a 1/8th or 1/2 power graph? :) That'd get more of those nice distortion/breakup modes everyone's always on about too.
 
36hz is the fs. It also states in the same paragraph, "freq. response, 36 - 4k".
So long as they aren't qualifying that with '+/-3dB' it's certainly possible. If they were to do so it would be out of the question with that sensitivity, or anything even remotely close to it. AFAIK woofers with 103dB sensitivity don't exist; 101dB is about the maximum possible. The JBL E120 runs 101dB, but the inevitable trade-off for higher sensitivity is low frequency extension. The JBL is down 10dB at 65Hz.
 
So long as they aren't qualifying that with '+/-3dB' it's certainly possible. If they were to do so it would be out of the question with that sensitivity, or anything even remotely close to it. AFAIK woofers with 103dB sensitivity don't exist; 101dB is about the maximum possible. The JBL E120 runs 101dB, but the inevitable trade-off for higher sensitivity is low frequency extension. The JBL is down 10dB at 65Hz.


The 103 may indeed come from a spike at the top end. Even that, in some cases, seems out of whack to me in something that can (allegedly) do 36hz and claims a top of 4k. I assumed they were juicing it with more than 1 watt, or using 1/4-1/8 space or something weird. Also there's no xmax spec there so if xmax is short (which it shouldn't be in a woofer like that) the 103 could be where it goes non-linear.

My whole reference to that started as a craigslist ad here where the guy linked to that as the replacement woofer in a PA cab. I looked at it, determined is was bogus and moved on. As to figuring out exactly why it's bogus I'll leave to you experts. The info guys like yourself, alexcaliber, greenboy, bob gallien, agedhorse, baer, barefacedbass, boblee and others freely post here has already saved me countless hours, dollars and head scratching. I guess the hours part is a wash at best, those are spent reading all this stuff.


As far as posting "average sensitivity" numbers, that leaves me with more questions than answers. If I see something that says "98", it would lead me to believe that the f3 should be whatever it reads at 95db but apparently, because of all these different test methods, that means nothing.
 

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