I (try to) play by ear and by heart
I love it. That is what being a Musician is all about.
And I am sorry if this offends anyone but I would rather play music with a good ear player than with a good theory player.
I know they are not exclusive of each other but they approach music differently.
For example's sake.
I have had the opportunity to play with a pianist who is blind, knows very little in the way of theory but does have incredible ears. Honestly the level of musicianship that this guy has is incredible. The group consisted of Saxophone, Bass, Piano and Drums.
We were playing some bebop and he nailed every chord substitution, key change, etc without hesitation, most of the time I didn't even tell him what key and sometimes not even the tune. I definitely learned a ton from that.
Apart from the blindness the saxophone player is the same sort of way, doesn't know his mixolydian scale from his locrian #2 scale but can nail the changes, play the extensions, absolutely a privilege to play with these guys (I've played with the sax player since 1998).
Although theory is a good way to guide us to using the 'correct' note choices in a given harmonic situation, above all music is sound art therefore our ears are crucial.
The fact that you already approach music from a listening point of view is awesome.