I am gonnahave to say its the transformers. Anyone that spends much time looking at recording gear is bound to notice the popularity of transformer based mic preamps. These can be tube but are more commonly solidstate boxes. With an input and an output transformer. It's no secret that the transformer is what adds "heft" to the signal. Using gainstaging you can get quite a lot of largeness to your signal without audibly distorting. Though I am sure an audio precision might say its quite distorted.
Now there arent a lot of solidstate bass amps with transformers in them, but pretty much every tube bass amp has one for the output. I guess it is possible to make a transformerless tubeamp, never seen one though.
Don't think so - tubes = hi voltage, low power (ampere), speakers can't handle high voltage, they work with lots of power (amps), low voltage.