A string made for a shorter vibrating string length is often heavier per length unit to get the low notes without dropping too much in tension so the top can still be driven well by the string.
This typically results in a thicker string that is stiffer. Also the smaller top doesn’t move as easily as the larger one.
And small instruments are often made for young students, not for professional players, so most of them are made of plywood which is stiffer than carved wood. But individual things like soundpost length and position play a role too.
In your case, moving the bridge closer to the fingerboard, you enlarged the distance between treble bridge foot and soundpost. This lets the treble bridge foot vibrate more and the resulting feel is that the string is looser. You would have almost gotten the same thing by moving the soundpost lower (with the same distance as got now).
If you ever have played on a solid body EUB with the same amount of string angle over the bridge you would have felt that these strings are very tight with steel core strings (that are not downtuned solos). Therefor most of the solid body EUBs have a smaller string angle at the bridge to make the string feel a bit looser. And typically lower tension or stretchier strings are used on such EUBs than on acoustic DBes.
Tension of a string only depends on mass of the vibrating string, pitch and length of the vibrating string.
It is a bit strange that the feel depends not only on string tension and stretchiness but also on other parameters like movement of the bridge (and therefor the string at that point).
This typically results in a thicker string that is stiffer. Also the smaller top doesn’t move as easily as the larger one.
And small instruments are often made for young students, not for professional players, so most of them are made of plywood which is stiffer than carved wood. But individual things like soundpost length and position play a role too.
In your case, moving the bridge closer to the fingerboard, you enlarged the distance between treble bridge foot and soundpost. This lets the treble bridge foot vibrate more and the resulting feel is that the string is looser. You would have almost gotten the same thing by moving the soundpost lower (with the same distance as got now).
If you ever have played on a solid body EUB with the same amount of string angle over the bridge you would have felt that these strings are very tight with steel core strings (that are not downtuned solos). Therefor most of the solid body EUBs have a smaller string angle at the bridge to make the string feel a bit looser. And typically lower tension or stretchier strings are used on such EUBs than on acoustic DBes.
Tension of a string only depends on mass of the vibrating string, pitch and length of the vibrating string.
It is a bit strange that the feel depends not only on string tension and stretchiness but also on other parameters like movement of the bridge (and therefor the string at that point).