Especially the E string on violin. Link Removed If were not for this video I'd be off strings.
If you understand the Physics of vibrating strings, when it comes to
plain strings, there are a lot of things that "line up" in interesting ways. The frequency that a string vibrates at is governed by its tension, its mass, and its scale length. If we assume a fixed scale length, the tension that a string can handle is proportional to its cross sectional area. But so is it's mass. If you make a bunch of plain strings of the same alloy, what that means is....for a given scale length, the thickness of the string
does not determine how high you can tune it - there is a hard limit, for a given scale and alloy, as to how high the string can be tuned that is independent of the gauge.
In practice, if there are small surface flaws (or rust), they will affect a smaller string more, but for the most part, as most steels are similar, if you've picked a scale length, you have set a maximum pitch to which you can tune an open string. Robert Fripp tunes his guitars in fifths for the most part, but the top string interval isn't a fifth - it's a third - he tunes it to G. Other people often add strings to the lower end of a guitar's range, but not going up. Why? You can't tune it much higher, or it will break, no matter what gauge string he uses. Violins are tuned an octave above a guitar, but the string has half the scale length - not a coincidence (empirically, this has been known for centuries). The previous video shows someone tuning things above G - not much further up, it snaps. Coincidence? nope.