No, you can buy a full Haas vertical milling station for $50k. Software, hardware, everything.
Yep - couple thousand bucks.
Often included.
No.
Yes, I'm quite sure many luthiers are undercapitalized.
I wouldn't finance a car. I would enjoy the used market.
You don't.
You pay them $800 a month, and you pay a bunch of other folks the rest - they just take care of forwarding the money on for you.
Yes - like every cost for every business, no matter the field. These are things you plan for in your business plan.
An expert on making basses? Not at all - I've only built a couple.
Very knowledgeable about machining centers? My dad has run big multi-axis CNC systems for years, my stepdad has run big multi-axis CNC systems for years, and I've personally been involved in spec'ing and purchasing a number of machining systems at my last job - both new and used.