- Feb 12, 2006
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- Development Engineer-Mesa Boogie, Development Engineer-Genzler (pedals), Product Support-Genz Benz
I found this to be interesting and surprising (from Sweetwater Sound's website)...
"When matching a power amp to a speaker, a good rule of thumb is to pick an amplifier that can deliver power equal to twice the speaker’s program rating. This means a speaker with a nominal impedance of 8 ohms and a program power rating of 350 watts will require an amplifier that can produce 700 watts into an 8-ohm load. In some applications, such as critical listening in a studio environment, it is important to maintain peak transient capability. For these applications, use an amplifier that can deliver two- to four-times more power than the speaker’s program power rating."
I didn't see it but assume the power rating of the Jule is at 4 ohms and that it's closer to 1000 watts at 8 ohms. That might be just right for an 8 ohm cab rated at 500 watts.
Power Amp Buying Guide
IMO, this is in general VERY bad advice for the average (and even above average) player. I also suspect that there's a mistake within their statement as well, based on typical PRO AUDIO applications.
In the pro audio world, there is a continuous power rating that's based on the RMS voltage (hence the designation of "RMS"), and the industry has by itself created a rating of "program power" which is defined as 2x the continuous power. It was often recommended that this was the "safest" maximum power a speaker could handle for the short term provided the signal was not compressed or distorted, and was liberally high passed. The recommendation of 2X the PROGRAM power would be 4X the "RMS" power which is beyond the safe mechanical level for just about every speaker that I am aware of. I think they ment 2X the CONTINUOUS power not PROGRAM power. The reason the 2X is extrapolated is from the AES power test standards that use a 6dB crest factor which requires an amp 2x the continuous power level to reproduce. Now note that there is a mistake (actually several) in the attached article stating that a signal with a 6dB crest factor is 4x the continuous power, but they forgot that a sine wave has a crest factor of 3dB already, then add another 3dB which doubles the power not quadruples.
So note that this rule of thumb is based on 3 important criteria... that the signal is not compressed, that it's not distorted, contains a maximum crest factor of 6, and that it's adequately high passed. My experience in many PA applications and just about all bass guitar applications this is not true, therefore 2x the continuous power is generally not terribly a safe assumption, and certainly 4x the continuous power would be unsafe for just about every speaker used in the bass guitar world (including the high powered pro audio based drivers).
Also, did you guys know that the most common power rating scheme (AES2-1984) only require that the driver be able to survive only 2 hours, and that it's ok if there is damage as long as it doesn't represent a catastrophic shift in performance (meaning that it will still make noise, but is unlikely to come even close to its original design parameters)??? Is this a good thing to do with a speaker?
Now there is an AES2-2012 standard that uses a crest factor of 12dB, if this is followed faithfully, it will result in a much lower continuous power handling since it places more mechanical stress on the speaker, and the speaker has to last for 100 hours. In order to limit the power to safe mechanical levels, the average level would need to be reduced corresponding to the 12dB versus 6dB crest factors.
Invalid Link Removed
Incidentally, JBL did address this in the 1960's with their derating guide to loudspeakers used for MI applications. I will try to find a copy to post.