This concept of tone block, sustain block, etcetera is old, as JC pointed out, Ampeg and Alembic both mounted bridges to other materials to "improve" tone or sustain.
The modern "tone block" is a design-based marketing approach from EBMM starting in their guitars a few years back. It originally involved routing out an alder body, fitting a block of mahogany from just behind the bridge to the neck join and applying a top to the guitar. It is an alteration of the design and some purists believe they hear a difference in the tone of the guitar versus plain alder bodied or mahogany instruments.
Here is a photo. The tone block is the mahogany bit in the middle:
[Invalid or Expired Link Removed]
Since then, others have [DEL]blindly followed the fallacy[/DEL] also contributed other designs to the idea and a few are out there. Like the ever growing "tone wood" debate, in the face of a lack of proof, the magnitude of it's influence on tone is largely open to opinion...